E-Code Designation:
E28 (1981-1988), E34 (1988-1996, with 1991 being the cutoff for this manual)
Applicable Years:
1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991
Target Audience:
BMW enthusiasts, DIY mechanics, owners seeking to maintain or restore their E28 or E34 5 Series.
Value Proposition:
Provides professional-level repair information at a fraction of dealership service costs, enabling significant savings on maintenance and repairs.
Comprehensiveness:
Covers all diagnostic and repair procedures from A-Z for a wide range of models and engine variants within the E28 and E34 generations.
Usability:
Easy to use, view, and print specific procedures without requiring advanced computer skills.
Geographic Coverage:
Global (reflects common BMW specifications)
Estimated Page Count:
Likely several thousand pages (typical for comprehensive digital workshop manuals covering multiple models and years)
Type:
Digital Workshop Repair Manual
Format:
Digital (likely PDF or similar, viewable and printable)
Mechanical Systems:
Engine (M10, M20, M30, M88, S38, M50), Fuel System, Cooling System, Lubrication System, Exhaust System, Clutch, Manual Transmission, Automatic Transmission (ZF, Getrag), Drive Axles, Differential, Suspension (Front & Rear), Steering System, Braking System (ABS variations), Wheels & Tires
Electrical Systems:
Engine Management (Motronic variations), Ignition System, Fuel Injection, Lighting System, Instrumentation, Audio System, HVAC Controls, Power Accessories (windows, locks, mirrors), Body Electronics, Diagnostics (OBD-I)
Maintenance Procedures:
Oil Changes, Filter Replacements, Fluid Checks & Replenishments, Spark Plug Replacement, Belt Inspection & Replacement, Brake Pad & Rotor Service, Tire Rotation, Battery Service, Wiper Blade Replacement
Repair & Rebuild Procedures:
Engine Overhaul (top-end and full rebuild), Transmission Rebuild (manual and automatic), Clutch Replacement, Differential Overhaul, Suspension Component Replacement (bushings, ball joints, shocks, struts), Brake Caliper Rebuild, Steering Rack Replacement, Fuel Pump & Injector Service, Cooling System Repairs (radiator, water pump), Electrical Component Diagnosis & Replacement (alternator, starter, sensors), Body Panel Repair & Replacement
Diagnostic Procedures:
Troubleshooting guides for common symptoms, diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) for OBD-I systems, electrical circuit tracing, component testing procedures
Diagnostic Capability:
Advanced diagnostics, including sensor data interpretation, actuator testing, and wiring diagram analysis for troubleshooting electrical and engine performance issues.
Rebuild Specifications:
Detailed internal component specifications for engine and transmission rebuilds, including torque values, clearances, and assembly procedures.
Information Source:
Mirrors information used by professional BMW technicians.
Digital Format:
Searchable text, printable pages, high-resolution images and diagrams.
Diagram Quality:
High-quality photos, illustrations, and diagrams for clarity in repair procedures.
Digital Nature:
No physical binding; digital format prevents wear and tear.
Digital Format:
N/A (digital document)
Operating System Compatibility:
Microsoft Windows (95, 98, 98SE, 2000, NT, ME, XP, Vista, Windows 7) and all Mac computers.
E28 Engine Variants:
M10 (2.0L, 2.3L), M20 (2.5L, 2.7L 'eta'), M30 (2.8L, 3.2L, 3.5L), M88/S38 (3.5L for M5)
E34 Engine Variants (Up To '91):
M20 (2.0L, 2.5L), M30 (3.0L, 3.5L), M50 (2.5L, 3.0L, 3.5L - early versions)
Power Output Range:
Approximately 105 hp (2.0L M10) to 310 hp (M88/S38 M5)
Torque Output Range:
Approximately 120 lb-ft to 330 lb-ft, depending on engine variant.
Fuel Delivery Systems:
Carbureted (early E28), Bosch L-Jetronic, Motronic (various versions including LH-Jetronic and DME)
Fuel Type:
Unleaded gasoline (Premium recommended)
E28 Standard Transmission:
4-speed manual (common), 5-speed manual (optional on many models)
E34 Standard Transmission (Up To '91):
5-speed manual (Getrag 260/5 common)
Automatic Transmission Options:
ZF 4HP22 (E28), ZF 4HP24 (E34), Getrag 4HP22 EH (E34 - Electronic Hydraulic)
Clutch System:
Hydraulically actuated diaphragm spring clutch.
E28 Overall Length:
Approx. 188 inches (4785 mm)
E34 Overall Length:
Approx. 191 inches (4850 mm)
Wheelbase:
E28: 103.7 inches (2635 mm), E34: 111.5 inches (2832 mm)
Curb Weight Range:
Approx. 3,100 lbs to 3,800 lbs (depending on model and engine)
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (Gvwr):
Varies by model, typically 4,000 - 4,600 lbs.
Crash Safety:
Both generations featured robust unibody construction for their era, with significant advances in crumple zones and structural integrity from E28 to E34. Specific NHTSA/Euro NCAP ratings are not as detailed as modern vehicles but were considered high for their time.
Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS):
Optional or standard on higher trims and later models (e.g., E34 predominantly offered ABS).
Traction Control:
Rarely available on E28, early forms (ASR) introduced on some E34 models towards the end of the covered period.
Seat Belts:
Three-point seat belts with pretensioners (introduced later in the E28 lifecycle and standard on E34).
Body Structure:
Reinforced passenger cell, energy-absorbing steering column, side-impact protection beams (more advanced on E34).
Audio System:
Factory installed radios with cassette players, often with amplifier options. Analog tuning, basic EQ controls.
Cruise Control:
Standard or optional on most models.
On-Board Computer (Obc):
Optional on E28 and E34, providing basic trip computer functions (average speed, fuel consumption, range) and diagnostic readouts (check control messages).
Diagnostics:
OBD-I (On-Board Diagnostics - first generation) with diagnostic connectors allowing for basic engine fault code retrieval. The manual will cover how to access and interpret these codes.
Oil Change Interval:
Typically every 5,000-7,500 miles (or annually), depending on driving conditions and oil used. Check manual for specific recommendations.
Spark Plug Replacement:
Varies by plug type; platinum plugs could last 60,000+ miles, while standard copper plugs around 30,000 miles.
Timing Belt/Chain:
E28 & E34 M20, M30 engines use timing chains (virtually maintenance-free). M50 engines use timing chains. Some early E34 models might have had different configurations, but generally no belt replacement is needed for these core engines.
Engine Oil:
API SG or higher; SAE 10W-40 or 15W-50 depending on climate. BMW High Performance Synthetic is recommended. Refer to manual for precise grades.
Coolant:
BMW Blue or Green Antifreeze/Coolant (ethylene glycol based) mixed 50/50 with distilled water.
Brake Fluid:
DOT 4 (or DOT 3 if specified for earlier models)
Transmission Fluid (Manual):
GL-4 or GL-5 gear oil (e.g., Castrol TWS or equivalent), specific viscosity depends on temperature.
Transmission Fluid (Automatic):
Dexron III (or equivalent ATF such as Mobil ATF 220, Pentosin ATF 14)
E28 Common Issues:
Cooling system leaks (radiator, hoses, water pump), fuel injector O-rings, vacuum leaks, sagging headliner, worn suspension bushings, rust (especially wheel arches and rocker panels).
E34 Common Issues (Early Models):
Cooling system issues (plastic expansion tanks, water pumps), fuel pump failures, ABS sensor issues, window regulator failures, blower motor resistor failure, rust ingress.
Engine Specific Concerns:
M20 engines: potential head gasket issues. M30 engines: can develop oil leaks. M50 engines: generally robust, but can experience VANOS issues in later years outside this manual's scope.
Bmw'S Executive Sedan Legacy:
The 5 Series has historically represented BMW's core offering in the executive sedan segment, known for blending luxury, performance, and advanced engineering.
E28 (Second Generation 5 Series):
Introduced in 1981, the E28 was an evolution of the E12, featuring cleaner aerodynamics, improved suspension, and the introduction of the highly acclaimed M5 performance variant (E28S M5).
E34 (Third Generation 5 Series):
Launched in 1988, the E34 represented a significant leap forward with a more modern and aerodynamic design, advanced chassis dynamics, new engine options (including the M50 inline-six), and enhanced safety and luxury features. The covered period (up to 1991) captures the initial years of the E34's production.
E28 Production Years:
1981-1988
E34 Production Years:
1988-1996 (E34 sedan), 1992-1996 (E34 Touring)
E28 M5 Recognition:
Widely recognized as a 'supercar' of its era and a collector's item, lauded for its performance and handling.
E34 Series Reputation:
Praised for its sophisticated chassis, improved ride comfort over the E28, and powerful engine options, cementing BMW's reputation for driver-focused luxury sedans.
Manual Quality:
Described as being of the same quality and detail as information used by professional technicians, implying high standards of accuracy and completeness.
