Era:
Late 1980s / Early 1990s executive sedan
Segment:
Mid-size Luxury Sedan
Competitors:
Mercedes-Benz W124 E-Class, Audi V8 Quattro, Jaguar XJ.
Design Philosophy:
Focus on driver engagement, build quality, and refined performance.
Powertrain Development:
Introduction of BMW's M50 engine series, known for its smoothness and power delivery.
Engine Mechanical:
Complete overhaul, disassembly, assembly, lubrication, cooling, fuel delivery, exhaust.
Engine Management:
Engine Control Unit (ECU) diagnosis, sensor testing, ignition system, emissions control.
Transmission:
Manual and Automatic transmission diagnosis, repair, overhaul, fluid changes.
Drivetrain:
Driveshafts, differential, clutch (manual), axles, wheel bearings.
Brakes:
Hydraulic system, ABS (if equipped), calipers, rotors, lines, bleeding procedures.
Suspension:
Front and rear suspension components, shock absorbers, springs, bushings, alignment.
Steering:
Power steering system, steering rack, pump, linkages, alignment.
Electrical System:
Battery, charging system, starter, lighting, wiring diagrams, fuses, relays, control modules.
Body And Chassis:
Body panels, doors, hinges, locks, glass, interior trim, structural components.
Heating And Air Conditioning:
HVAC system operation, components, refrigerant handling, diagnosis.
Wheels And Tires:
Specifications, installation, balancing.
Routine Maintenance:
Oil changes, filter replacements, spark plugs, fluid checks, belt inspections.
Troubleshooting:
Diagnostic flowcharts, symptom-based troubleshooting for all major systems.
Repair Procedures:
Step-by-step instructions for component replacement and repair across all systems.
Disassembly And Assembly:
Detailed procedures for major component removal and reinstallation.
Electrical Diagnostics:
Wiring diagrams, pinouts, component testing, voltage checks.
Depth:
Comprehensive from basic maintenance to full engine and transmission rebuilds.
Diagnostics:
Includes diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) and procedures for the era's ECUs.
Special Tools:
Lists and describes necessary special tools for specific repair procedures.
Crash Testing Era:
Tested under European standards of the time (e.g., Euro NCAP precursors, ADAC)
ABS:
Anti-lock Braking System (optional or standard depending on market/build date)
Traction Control:
ASR (Automatic Stability Control) was available on later models but less common on early E34 520i.
Airbags:
Driver's side airbag became standard in the E34 series, passenger airbag often optional.
Seatbelts:
Three-point inertia-reel seatbelts, pre-tensioners available on some models.
Head Unit:
Factory AM/FM cassette radio, optional CD player.
Speakers:
Various configurations, often with door-mounted speakers and rear parcel shelf speakers.
Cruise Control:
Standard or optional electronic cruise control.
Parking Sensors:
Not available on this generation.
Phone Integration:
No native smartphone integration; Bluetooth was not a factory option.
System:
Manual or optional automatic climate control (ECC - Electronic Climate Control).
Oil Change Interval:
Typically every 10,000-15,000 km or 6-12 months (dependent on driving conditions and oil type used).
Spark Plug Replacement:
Every 20,000-30,000 km (for platinum tipped plugs, older recommendations may vary).
Coolant Flush:
Every 2-3 years or 40,000-60,000 km.
Engine Oil Type:
API SJ/SL or higher, SAE 5W-30 or 5W-40 recommended (refer to manual for precise grade).
Engine Oil Capacity:
Approx. 5.5 Liters (5.8 US Quarts) with filter change.
Coolant Type:
BMW Blue or G48 ethylene glycol coolant concentrate mixed with distilled water (50/50 ratio).
Cooling System:
Plastic coolant expansion tanks and pipes are prone to cracking with age; water pump failures.
Engine M50:
VANOS (Variable Valve Timing) unit can develop issues leading to rough idle or loss of power; valve cover gasket leaks.
Electrical:
Corrosion on electrical connectors, alternator issues, seized door lock actuators.
Suspension:
Worn control arm bushings, tie rods, and strut mounts are common due to age and mileage.
Bmw Philosophy:
Continued BMW's reputation for 'The Ultimate Driving Machine' with balanced chassis and responsive engines.
E34 Generation:
Introduced in 1987 as a successor to the E28, the E34 marked a significant step in aerodynamics, safety, and technology.
E34 520I Placement:
The 520i was positioned as an entry-level luxury model within the E34 lineup, offering BMW refinement at a more accessible price point.
Production Years E34:
1987–1996
Manufacturing Location:
Mainly Dingolfing, Germany
