Production Years Covered:
1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991
Positioning:
Entry-level luxury sedan, part of the renowned BMW 5 Series (E28) lineup, offering a blend of performance and comfort.
Competitors:
Mercedes-Benz W124 E-Class (e.g., 230E), Audi 100/200, Volvo 740/760, Saab 9000
Features:
Rear-wheel drive, balanced chassis, classic BMW driving dynamics, fuel-injected inline-4 engine.
Value Proposition:
Essential resource for owners and independent mechanics to maintain, diagnose, and repair the BMW 518i E28, ensuring longevity and optimal performance.
Powertrain:
Engine, Fuel System, Exhaust System, Cooling System, Ignition System, Lubrication System, Transmission (Manual & Automatic)
Chassis:
Suspension (Front & Rear), Steering System, Brakes (Hydraulic System, Parking Brake), Wheels & Tires
Electrical:
Wiring Diagrams, Lighting System, Instrumentation, Power Accessories, Battery & Charging System, Starter Motor, Alternator
Body And Interior:
Body Panels, Doors, Windows, Seats, Interior Trim, HVAC System (Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning)
Maintenance:
Scheduled Maintenance (Oil Changes, Filter Replacements, Spark Plugs, Belts), Fluid Checks & Replacements, Lubrication Points
Diagnostics:
Troubleshooting Guides for Common Issues, Fault Code Interpretation (if applicable to era), Component Testing Procedures
Repair:
Engine Component Rebuilds (Head Gasket, Pistons, Bearings), Transmission Overhaul, Brake System Repairs, Suspension Component Replacement, Electrical Component Diagnosis & Repair
Special Procedures:
Valve Adjustment, Fuel Injection System Servicing, Ignition Timing Adjustment, Drive Belt Tensioning
Depth:
Comprehensive (from basic fluid checks to major overhauls and diagnostics)
Engine Code Typical:
M10 (e.g., M10B18)
Engine Type:
Inline 4-cylinder, SOHC
Displacement:
1.8 Liters (1766 cc)
Horsepower Approx:
90-105 HP (depending on specific market and tuning)
Torque Approx:
140-155 Nm (103-114 lb-ft)
Fuel Delivery:
Bosch L-Jetronic or Motronic fuel injection
Fuel Type:
Unleaded Gasoline (RON 95 recommended)
Coolant Type:
Ethylene Glycol based antifreeze (BMW Blue or equivalent)
Oil Capacity Approx:
4.5 Liters (with filter)
Recommended Oil Viscosity:
10W-40 or 15W-40 (API SG or higher)
Transmission Type:
4-speed Manual
Transmission Type:
3-speed or 4-speed ZF Automatic (e.g., ZF 4HP22)
Clutch Type:
Single dry plate, hydraulically operated
Manual Transmission Fluid:
GL-4 75W-90 or 80W-90 Gear Oil
Automatic Transmission Fluid:
Dexron II or equivalent
Crash Test Data:
Limited official NCAP data for this era; generally considered robust for its time but lacks modern safety structures.
Braking System:
Front ventilated discs, rear solid discs; ABS optional on later models/higher trims.
Steering:
Recirculating ball with power assist (optional)
Seatbelts:
3-point inertia-reel seatbelts front, 2-point rear (upgradeable)
Head Restraints:
Front and rear
Audio System:
Factory fitted cassette radio with AM/FM tuner, often with equalizer and amplifier options.
Dashboard:
Driver-oriented layout with clear instrumentation, including tachometer, speedometer, fuel gauge, temperature gauge, and warning lights.
ABS:
Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) was an optional feature, particularly on later E28 models.
Connectivity Features:
Minimal by modern standards; focus on mechanical reliability and driver control.
Oil Change Interval:
Every 10,000-15,000 km (6,000-9,000 miles) or 12 months, whichever comes first.
Air Filter Replacement:
Every 20,000-30,000 km (12,000-18,000 miles)
Spark Plug Replacement:
Every 30,000-50,000 km (18,000-30,000 miles), depending on plug type.
Timing Belt Replacement:
Not applicable for M10 engines (timing chain). Check chain tensioner.
Brake Fluid:
DOT 3 or DOT 4
Power Steering Fluid:
ATF Dexron II or equivalent
Coolant Capacity Approx:
7.0 Liters
Common Problems:
Rust (wheel arches, sills, battery tray), cooling system leaks (hose, radiator, water pump), seized alternator pulley, worn front control arm bushings, fuel distributor issues (L-Jetronic), injector seal leaks, fuel pump failure, window regulator issues, electrical contact corrosion.
Preventative Maintenance Focus:
Regular lubrication, thorough rust inspection and treatment, timely replacement of rubber components (hoses, belts, bushings), cleaning of the fuel distributor and injectors.
Bmw Philosophy:
BMW's reputation for engineering excellence, driver focus, and sporty luxury sedans.
E28 Introduction:
The E28 was the second generation of the BMW 5 Series, introduced in 1981, succeeding the E12. It featured updated styling, improved aerodynamics, and new engine options.
E28 Facelift:
The E28 received a facelift in 1984/1985, with revised front and rear fascias, updated interior elements, and the introduction of the sophisticated ABS system.
Production Period:
1981-1987 (E28 chassis)
Manufacturing Locations:
Germany (Dingolfing), South Africa, Mexico, and other assembly plants.
