Vehicle Segment:
Mid-size executive luxury sedan.
Target Audience:
Affluent professionals, enthusiasts seeking a refined driving experience.
Key Competitors:
Mercedes-Benz W124 E-Class, Audi 100/200, Volvo 740/760, Jaguar XJ.
Driving Dynamics:
Renowned for balanced handling, rear-wheel drive dynamics, and a comfortable ride.
Build Quality:
Exceptional build quality and longevity, typical of BMW engineering from this period.
Powertrain Refinement:
Smooth and powerful M30 inline-six engine, providing ample torque.
Engine Service:
Engine overhaul, tuning, carburetor/injection systems, cooling, lubrication, ignition, exhaust.
Transmission Service:
Manual and automatic transmission repair, clutch, driveline, differentials.
Suspension Steering:
Front and rear suspension systems, steering components, power steering.
Brake System:
Hydraulic brake system, disc and drum brake overhaul, parking brake.
Electrical System:
Wiring diagrams, starter, alternator, battery, lighting, instrumentation, ignition system diagnostics.
Body Chassis:
Body repair, interior trim, doors, windows, body hardware, rust prevention.
Maintenance Procedures:
Routine servicing, oil changes, filter replacements, tune-ups, fluid checks and changes.
Repair Procedures:
Step-by-step guides for component removal, installation, and overhaul of all major systems.
Troubleshooting Diagnostics:
Diagnostic flowcharts, symptom-based troubleshooting, fault code identification (where applicable for the era).
Diagnostic Capabilities:
Advanced diagnostics for engine management, electrical faults, and mechanical issues, including timing and fuel mixture adjustments.
Rebuild Specifications:
Detailed specifications for engine component rebuilds, including clearances, torque values, and machining limits.
Calibration Adjustment:
Procedures for calibrating and adjusting fuel injection systems (L-Jetronic/Motronic), ignition timing, and valve clearances.
Digital Format Notes:
If digital, expect a searchable PDF with high-resolution diagrams. If print, a sturdy binding is essential.
Diagram Quality:
High-quality, detailed exploded views and wiring diagrams are crucial for this era of vehicle.
Binding Type Print:
Professional binding (e.g., perfect bound or spiral bound) to withstand heavy use in a workshop environment.
Paper Type Print:
Durable, matte finish paper that resists grease and oil smudges.
Engine Type:
Naturally Aspirated Inline 6-Cylinder, SOHC
Displacement:
2494 cc (2.5 Liters)
Horsepower Estimated:
170-175 hp @ 5800-6000 RPM
Torque Estimated:
210-215 Nm (155-159 lb-ft) @ 3500-4000 RPM
Fuel Delivery:
Bosch L-Jetronic or Motronic fuel injection
Fuel Type:
Unleaded Gasoline (Premium)
Compression Ratio:
8.5:1 or 9.0:1 (depending on specific market/variant)
Cooling Type:
Water-cooled
Transmission Type Standard:
Getrag 260 5-speed Manual Transmission
Transmission Type Optional:
ZF 4HP22 4-speed Automatic Transmission
Drive Type:
Rear-Wheel Drive (RWD)
Manual Transmission Fluid:
BMW ATF Dexron II or equivalent (check manual for specific PN)
Manual Transmission Capacity:
Approx. 1.5-1.7 liters
Length:
Approx. 4734 mm (186.4 in)
Width:
Approx. 1700 mm (66.9 in)
Height:
Approx. 1410 mm (55.5 in)
Wheelbase:
Approx. 2790 mm (110.0 in)
Curb Weight:
Approx. 1400-1500 kg (3086-3307 lbs)
Crash Test Data Era:
Limited formal crash testing by modern standards, but known for robust safety cage and crumple zones for its time.
ABS:
Optional Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) on later models/options
Seat Belts:
Three-point front seat belts, potentially optional rear belts.
Headrests:
Front and rear headrests
Audio System:
Factory AM/FM cassette stereo, often with upgraded speaker systems. Aftermarket head units common.
Climate Control:
Manual or optional automatic climate control (IHKA system on some variants).
Cruise Control:
Standard or optional electronic cruise control.
Connectivity Features:
Limited by modern standards; primarily focused on vehicle operation and basic comfort features. No OEM Bluetooth or USB.
Oil Change Interval:
Typically every 5,000-7,500 miles or 6-12 months (depending on driving conditions and oil used). Consult manual for specifics.
Major Tune Up:
Spark plugs, ignition wires, fuel filter, air filter at ~30,000-50,000 mile intervals.
Engine Oil Type:
API SG/SH rated, SAE 15W-50 or 20W-50 commonly recommended for M30 engines, especially in warmer climates. Check manual for exact spec.
Engine Oil Capacity:
Approx. 6.5 liters (6.9 US quarts) with filter change.
Coolant Type:
Ethylene Glycol based coolant, typically a 50/50 mix with distilled water. BMW P/N 82 14 1 467 704 or equivalent.
Cooling System Faults:
Radiator leaks, water pump failures, thermostat issues, and hose degradation are common due to age.
Fuel System Wear:
Fuel injectors, fuel pump, and fuel accumulator can degrade over time, affecting performance and starting.
Electrical Gremlins:
Corroded grounds, failing relays, and brittle wiring insulation can lead to intermittent electrical issues.
Suspension Wear:
Worn control arm bushings, ball joints, and shock absorbers affect handling and ride comfort.
Rust Prone Areas:
Wheel arches, rocker panels, jacking points, and rear valence are common areas for rust on E28s.
Bmw Legacy:
BMW has a long history of producing driver-focused, well-engineered sedans with a reputation for performance and luxury.
E28 Generation:
The E28 generation (1981-1988) was an evolution of the E12, refining styling, aerodynamics, and engineering.
525I Positioning:
The 525i represented a strong balance of performance and luxury within the E28 lineup, slotting between the 528i and the higher-performance M535i.
Production Years:
E28: 1981-1988
Manufacturing Locations:
Primarily Dingolfing, Germany; also assembled in South Africa, Mexico, Thailand, and Venezuela.
Automotive Journal Reviews:
E28 generation generally received praise for its engineering, handling, and build quality from contemporary automotive publications like Car and Driver, MotorTrend.
Driver Engagement:
Consistently rated highly for driver engagement and rewarding driving experience compared to its contemporaries.
