🏷️ Basic Information

Make:

BMW

Model:

8 Series

Model Code:

E31

Year:

1994

Chassis Code:

E31

Engine Codes Typically Associated:

M60B40 (4.0L V8), M60B30 (3.0L V8), M73B50 (5.0L V12 - later models, but the manual may cover initial versions or related systems)

👋 Introduction

Segment:

Luxury Grand Tourer (GT)

Target Audience:

Affluent buyers seeking performance, comfort, and advanced technology

Key Competitors:

Mercedes-Benz SEC, Porsche 928, Jaguar XJS

Design Philosophy:

Long, low, coupe styling with a focus on aerodynamics and driver comfort

Technological Advancements:

Early adoption of CAN bus (Controller Area Network) for data transfer, multi-link suspension, advanced engine management

User Benefit:

Empowers owners and independent repair shops with factory-level diagnostic and repair information, reducing reliance on authorized dealers.

📋 Manual Details

Comprehensive Coverage:

Yes, covers all repair procedures

Estimated Page Count:

Extensive (exact number not provided, but typical for a complete factory service manual covering all systems)

Type:

Factory Service Repair Manual

Language:

English

Format:

PDF/ZIP

📖 Manual Coverage

Powertrain:

Engine, Engine Electrical System, Fuel System, Fuel Supply System, Radiator, Exhaust System, Clutch, Manual Transmission, Automatic Transmission, Gear Shift Mechanism, Propeller Shaft, Rear Axle

Chassis:

Front Axle, Steering & Wheel Alignment, Brakes, Pedals, Wheels & Tires, Integrated Suspension Systems

Body:

Body, Body Equipment, Seats, Hood, Sunroof

Electrical And Comfort:

Electrical System, Instruments, Lights, Heating & Air Conditioning System, Radio & Special Equipment, Equipment & Accessories for Engine & Chassis, Equipment and Accessories for Body

Maintenance:

Yes, detailed maintenance procedures and general data

Repair Diagnostics:

Yes, all repair procedures, troubleshooting guides implicit within system coverage

Component Overhaul:

Implied through comprehensive repair coverage for all major systems

Depth:

Factory-level, suitable for professional technicians and advanced DIY enthusiasts

📊 Manual Specifications

Primary Format:

PDF

Archival Format:

ZIP

Compatibility:

WIN/MAC/LINUX

Readability Requirements:

Requires unzipping software (e.g., WinRAR)

Printability:

Assumed to be high-quality, designed for clarity and professional reproduction

Binding Type:

N/A (Digital)

Paper Type:

N/A (Digital)

⚙️ Engine Specifications

Engine Variant 1994 Us Spec:

4.0L V8 (M60B40)

Engine Variant 1994 Eu Spec Options:

3.0L V8 (M60B30), 4.0L V8 (M60B40), 5.0L V12 (M73B50 - introduced later in the E31 lifecycle, but manual might cover related V12 systems for later '94 or early '95 models)

Horsepower M60B40 Us Spec Approx:

282 hp @ 5800 rpm

Torque M60B40 Us Spec Approx:

295 lb-ft @ 4500 rpm

Fuel Delivery:

Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI) - Bosch Motronic

Engine Block Material:

Aluminum (M60 V8s)

Cooling Type:

Pressurized liquid cooling system

Ignition Type:

Distributorless Ignition System (DIS) or Distributor-based (depending on specific market/sub-variant, but DIS was common)

🔧 Transmission

Standard Transmission Type:

5-speed Manual Transmission (Getrag 290)

Optional Transmission Type:

4-speed Automatic Transmission (ZF 4HP24)

Transmission Fluid Spec Auto:

BMW LT-3 (or equivalent ATF)

Clutch Type:

Hydraulically operated single dry plate clutch (for manual transmission)

📐 Dimensions

Wheelbase Mm:

2630

Length Mm:

4797

Width Mm:

1855

Height Mm:

1370

Curb Weight Kg Approx M60:

1700-1800

Gross Vehicle Weight Rating Kg Approx:

2200-2300

🛡️ Safety Features

Crash Test Ratings:

N/A (Modern standardized ratings were not as prevalent or standardized in 1994 for luxury coupes)

Traction Control:

ASC+T (Automatic Stability Control and Traction) available on some models

Braking System:

4-wheel Anti-lock Braking System (ABS)

Airbags:

Driver and front passenger airbags

Seatbelts:

3-point inertia reel seatbelts with front pre-tensioners

💡 Technology Features

Audio System Features:

Premium sound systems (e.g., Harman Kardon optional), cassette player, AM/FM radio, potentially CD changer in trunk.

Cruise Control:

Standard electronic cruise control

Data Bus System:

Early implementation of CAN bus for vehicle diagnostics and system communication.

Climate Control:

Dual-zone automatic climate control

Memory Seats:

Power-adjustable front seats with driver's memory function

Mirrors:

Power-adjustable, heated exterior mirrors, auto-dimming rearview mirror.

🔧 Maintenance

Oil Change Interval:

Typically 10,000-15,000 miles or 12-24 months, depending on driving conditions (refer to manual for specific intervals and oil type).

Spark Plug Replacement Interval:

Variable, typically 30,000-60,000 miles depending on spark plug type (e.g., iridium, platinum). Consult manual for specifics.

Engine Oil Type M60:

API SJ/SL or ACEA A3/B3, SAE 5W-30 or 5W-40 synthetic recommended (consult manual for exact spec and viscosity).

Coolant Type:

BMW Blue Antifreeze/Coolant (G48) mixed with distilled water, typically 50/50 ratio.

Brake Fluid Type:

DOT 4

Common Problems E31:

Vanous tensioner and guide rail failures (M60/M62 V8 engines), EML (Engine Management Light) issues, ABS/ASC sensor failures, cooling system leaks (plastic components), aging wiring harness insulation, headliner sagging, window regulator issues, seat wear.

Preventative Maintenance Focus:

Regular inspection and replacement of cooling system components, ensuring proper oil changes with correct specification, checking wiring for degradation, and proactive maintenance of suspension and drivetrain components are crucial for longevity.

📚 Vehicle History

Brand Focus:

Performance, luxury, engineering excellence

Introduction Year:

1989

Development Goal:

To create BMW's flagship coupe, setting new standards in performance, luxury, and technology.

Facelift Significant Updates:

The 1994 model year represents a mature phase of the E31's lifecycle, potentially including minor updates or the introduction of the V12 (M73) in some markets, preceding the later 840Ci (4.4L V8) and 850Ci (5.4L V12) variants.

Production Period:

1989–1999

Manufacturing Location:

Dingolfing Plant, Germany

🏆 Awards & Recognition

Design Awards:

Often praised for its timeless design, considered one of BMW's most aesthetically pleasing models.

Industry Reviews:

Consistently lauded for its performance, handling, and luxurious interior during its production run.

Manual Certification:

Factory Certified (as it's the OEM manual)