Market Segment:
Luxury Grand Tourer (GT)
Brand Positioning:
Flagship model representing BMW's engineering prowess and design elegance in the luxury coupe segment.
Key Competitors:
Porsche 928, Mercedes-Benz SEC, Jaguar XJS, Aston Martin DB7.
E31 Competitive Edge:
Advanced technology, V12 engine option, superior handling characteristics for a GT, and the distinctive BMW driving experience.
Design Philosophy:
Aerodynamic 'shark nose' design, frameless windows, pop-up headlights, and a spacious yet driver-focused cabin.
Engineering Highlights:
Introduction of the M70 V12 engine, advanced multi-link suspension, electronic damper control (EDC), and electronic stability control (ASC/ASC+T).
Primary Buyers:
Affluent individuals seeking a stylish, high-performance, and luxurious coupe with excellent long-distance cruising capabilities.
Model Years Covered:
1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999
All Models Covered:
Yes, all engine variants, transmission types, and trim levels within the E31 generation are covered.
Estimated Page Count:
Likely exceeds 1000 pages, typical for a comprehensive workshop manual covering multiple models and systems over a decade.
Manual Type:
Workshop Service Repair Manual
Delivery Format:
Downloadable Digital File
Compatible Devices:
All PC & MAC Computers, Tablets, Smartphones
Required Software:
Adobe Reader (free download available)
Engine Mechanical:
Detailed procedures for all E31 engines (V8 and V12), including disassembly, assembly, overhaul, and troubleshooting of engine blocks, cylinder heads, crankshafts, pistons, connecting rods, camshafts, timing systems, and lubrication.
Engine Management:
Comprehensive coverage of fuel injection systems (Motronic), ignition systems, sensor diagnostics, electronic control unit (ECU) functions, and emission control systems.
Transmission:
Detailed repair and maintenance procedures for both automatic (e.g., 4HP22, 5HP30) and manual transmissions, including gear shifting mechanisms, hydraulic control, torque converters, clutch systems, and transmission fluid specifications.
Drivetrain:
Coverage of drive shafts, universal joints, limited-slip differentials (LSD), wheel hubs, and bearings.
Suspension:
Detailed information on front and rear suspension components, including shock absorbers, springs, control arms, bushings, ball joints, and steering knuckles. Self-leveling rear suspension (if equipped) will also be covered.
Steering:
Procedures for power steering systems, steering racks, steering columns, and related components.
Brakes:
Comprehensive details on hydraulic brake systems, ABS (Anti-lock Braking System), brake calipers, rotors, pads, master cylinder, brake lines, and bleeding procedures. Parking brake system coverage.
Electrical System:
Extensive coverage of the vehicle's electrical architecture, including wiring diagrams, fuse box layouts, battery, alternator, starter motor, lighting systems (headlights, taillights, interior), instrumentation, and power accessories.
Comfort Systems:
Coverage of HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems, including refrigerant recharge, component replacement, and troubleshooting. Also includes power windows, seats, mirrors, sunroof, and central locking systems.
Body And Chassis:
Information on body panel removal and installation, door mechanisms, hood and trunk operation, bumper assemblies, and underbody components. Also covers frame and structural components.
Routine Maintenance:
Step-by-step instructions for oil changes, filter replacements (oil, air, fuel), coolant flushes, spark plug replacement, brake fluid changes, and tire rotations.
Troubleshooting:
Diagnostic procedures, symptom-based troubleshooting guides, and identification of common faults and their solutions.
Major Repairs:
Detailed instructions for engine overhauls, transmission rebuilds, suspension component replacement, brake system overhauls, and major electrical system repairs.
Component Replacement:
Guidance on replacing individual components like alternators, starters, fuel pumps, water pumps, radiators, and various sensors.
Technical Specifications:
Inclusion of torque specifications, tightening sequences, clearances, alignment data, and other critical technical values for all components and systems.
Wiring Diagrams:
Comprehensive and accurate electrical wiring diagrams for all vehicle systems, essential for diagnosing electrical issues.
Depth Of Coverage:
Expert-level detail suitable for professional mechanics and highly experienced DIY enthusiasts, covering everything from basic maintenance to complete vehicle rebuilds.
Diagnostic Tools:
May include information on specific diagnostic tools or procedures required for certain BMW systems of the era, though proprietary tool names might not be explicitly listed in a general manual.
840Ci Engine:
M60B40 V8, 4.0-liter (3982 cc), 32 valves, DOHC. Power: ~282 hp. Torque: ~400 Nm (295 lb-ft).
850I Engine:
M70B50 V12, 5.0-liter (4988 cc), 24 valves, SOHC. Power: ~296 hp. Torque: ~470 Nm (347 lb-ft).
850Csi Engine:
S70B50 V12, 5.6-liter (5573 cc), 24 valves, SOHC (with modifications for higher performance). Power: ~375 hp. Torque: ~550 Nm (406 lb-ft).
Later 840Ci Engine:
M62B44 V8, 4.4-liter (4398 cc), 32 valves, DOHC. Power: ~286 hp. Torque: ~440 Nm (325 lb-ft).
0 60 Mph 840Ci:
Approx. 6.5 - 7.0 seconds (depending on transmission and year).
0 60 Mph 850I:
Approx. 6.5 - 7.0 seconds.
0 60 Mph 850Csi:
Approx. 5.0 - 5.5 seconds.
Fuel Delivery:
Electronic multi-point fuel injection (Bosch Motronic) for all variants.
Fuel Type:
Premium Unleaded Gasoline (91 RON or higher).
Infotainment System:
Early models featured a basic cassette/radio system. Later models offered CD players, and the iconic BMW 'Business' or 'Professional' radio/navigation systems with CRT displays were available as options.
Driver Assistance Features:
Electronic Damper Control (EDC), Automatic Stability Control (ASC), Traction Control (ASC+T), cruise control.
Connectivity Features:
Limited by era; primarily focused on the integrated audio system. No Bluetooth or advanced smartphone integration was available from the factory.
Other Tech Features:
Pop-up headlights, automatic climate control, self-leveling rear suspension (optional), power-adjustable seats with memory, heated seats.
Oil Change Interval:
Typically every 10,000-15,000 miles or annually, depending on driving conditions and oil type used. Check OBC (On-Board Computer) for specific service indicators.
Spark Plug Replacement:
Varies by engine and plug type (e.g., 30,000-60,000 miles for standard plugs; longer for platinum/iridium). V12 engines have 12 spark plugs.
Coolant Flush:
Every 2-4 years or 30,000-50,000 miles.
Engine Oil Spec:
API SG/SH or higher, SAE 5W-30, 5W-40, or 10W-40 depending on climate. BMW Longlife-01 approved oils are recommended for later models if compatible.
Transmission Fluid Auto:
Dexron III (or equivalent ATF) for 4HP22/24. Dexron III/VI or ZF Lifeguardfluid 5 for 5HP30. Always refer to the specific transmission type and manual for exact fluid.
Brake Fluid:
DOT 4 recommended.
Coolant:
BMW Blue Coolant (G48 or similar ethylene glycol based antifreeze) with distilled water in a 50/50 mix.
Common Issues:
Nylon cooling pipe degradation, VANOS system issues (M60/M62 V8), fuel tank leak (M70 V12), door seal leaks, window regulator failures, alternator strap issues (M70), ABS/ASC sensor failures, and general age-related wear on rubber components.
Preventative Maintenance:
Regular inspection and replacement of cooling hoses and pipes, consistent oil changes, and attention to electrical system health are crucial.
