Positioning:
The Citroën GS/GSA was a unique and innovative compact executive car, positioned as a comfortable, technologically advanced, and distinctive alternative to more conventional European sedans of its era. It offered a sophisticated ride thanks to its hydropneumatic suspension.
Competitors:
Competed with vehicles such as the Volkswagen Golf, Ford Escort, Fiat 128, and Renault 12, though its advanced features and unique styling often placed it in a slightly more premium segment.
Distinctive Elements:
Aerodynamic 'Kammback' styling, hydropneumatic suspension (self-levelling), innovative dashboard design (particularly in early GS models), boxer engine for a low center of gravity.
Benefit To Owner:
Enables owners to perform a wide range of maintenance and repair tasks, saving significant costs on labor and allowing for a deeper understanding and care of their classic Citroën.
Primary Coverage:
Comprehensive Service, Repair, and Maintenance
Specific Models:
Citroën GS, Citroën GSA
Estimated Page Count:
Varies by specific edition, but professional WSMs for this era are typically extensive, likely exceeding 500 pages for full coverage.
Type:
Workshop Service Manual (WSM) / Repair Manual
File Format:
PDF (Digital Download)
Powertrain:
Engine (all variants), Transmission (manual and automatic), Clutch, Cooling System, Fuel System, Exhaust System.
Chassis:
Suspension (hydropneumatic system), Steering, Brakes (including LHM system), Wheels, Tires.
Electrical:
Ignition System, Lighting, Instrumentation, Charging System, Starting System, Body Electrical (wipers, horn, power windows if applicable).
Body And Interior:
Bodywork Repair, Interior Trim, Seats, Doors, Windows, Body Sealing.
Maintenance:
Routine servicing, fluid changes, filter replacements, lubrication, inspections.
Diagnostics:
Troubleshooting guides, symptom-based diagnostics, fault code interpretation (where applicable for the era).
Repair And Overhaul:
Step-by-step instructions for component removal, disassembly, repair, reassembly, and installation.
Technical Data:
Specifications, torque values, clearances, timing settings, electrical schematics, wiring diagrams.
Depth:
In-depth, professional level coverage suitable for both experienced mechanics and dedicated DIY enthusiasts. Covers everything from basic checks to complete engine and transmission rebuilds.
Printability:
Full Printable. High-resolution digital files allowing for clear printing of individual pages or sections.
Binding:
Not Applicable (Digital Download)
Paper Type:
Not Applicable (Digital Download)
Reader:
Adobe PDF Reader (or compatible viewer).
Operating Systems:
Compatible with all versions of Windows and Mac OS.
Engine Type:
Air-cooled, flat-four (boxer) engine
Engine Displacement Gs:
1015 cc (early models)
Engine Displacement Gs Later Models:
1124 cc, 1220 cc
Engine Displacement Gsa:
1220 cc, 1299 cc (GSA X3)
Horsepower Range:
Approximately 50-75 hp depending on engine variant and tuning.
Torque Range:
Approximately 80-110 Nm depending on engine variant.
Carburetion:
Typically single or twin-barrel downdraft carburetors (e.g., Solex, Weber).
Specification:
Refer to manual for exact spec, typically a multi-viscosity oil like 20W-50 or 10W-40 for this era.
Type Gs:
4-speed manual transmission
Type Gsa:
4-speed or 5-speed manual transmission (5-speed often on GSA models).
Type Gs Optional:
3-speed automatic transmission (less common)
Clutch Type:
Single dry plate clutch.
Specification:
Refer to manual for specific type (likely a GL-4 rated gear oil).
Length:
Approximately 4.15 - 4.35 meters (depending on model and year).
Width:
Approximately 1.60 - 1.65 meters.
Height:
Approximately 1.33 - 1.38 meters (excluding suspension height adjustments).
Curb Weight:
Approximately 900 - 1050 kg.
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating:
Refer to VIN plate; typically around 1350 kg.
Crash Test Era Context:
Safety standards and crash testing were less rigorous and standardized compared to modern vehicles. The GS/GSA's design focused on active safety through its handling and braking.
Handling:
The hydropneumatic suspension provided excellent ride comfort and stability, contributing to active safety by maintaining a consistent ride height and handling characteristics.
Braking System:
Disc brakes on the front, often with a servo-assisted system. The integrated hydraulic system (LHM) required specific maintenance and bleeding procedures detailed in the manual.
Seat Belts:
Front seat belts were standard; rear belts were often optional or fitted later.
Body Structure:
Designed with crumple zones, though less advanced than modern standards.
Radio:
Optional factory or dealer-fitted radios were available. Basic AM/FM or FM stereo.
Cruise Control:
Rarely fitted, an aftermarket option if available.
Era Context:
Connectivity features as understood today (Bluetooth, USB) did not exist. Focus was on mechanical and electrical reliability.
Instrumentation:
Early GS models featured a distinctive 'saucer' style dashboard with a rotating drum speedometer. Later GS and GSA models adopted a more conventional layout with clear circular gauges and stalk controls.
Oil Change Interval:
Typically every 5,000 - 7,500 km or annually, whichever comes first. Consult manual for exact recommendations.
Tune Up Interval:
Spark plugs, points (if applicable), and air filter checks usually around 10,000 - 15,000 km.
Hydraulic Fluid:
Citroën LHM (Liquide Hydraulique Minéral) – crucial for suspension, brakes, and steering. Manual will specify type and quantity.
Coolant Type:
N/A (Air-cooled engine).
Hydropneumatic Suspension:
Leaking spheres, pump issues, LHM leaks, ride height adjustments are common and require specialized knowledge covered in the manual.
Engine Cooling:
Overheating can occur due to air cooling efficiency limitations, especially in warm climates or heavy traffic. Ensuring airflow and fan operation is critical.
Electrical System:
As with many cars of this era, wiring can degrade, leading to intermittent faults. The wiring diagrams in the manual are essential for diagnosis.
Mention Of Part Numbers:
Professional WSMs typically include part numbers or cross-references for many common replacement components.
Citroen Innovation:
Citroën has a long history of engineering innovation, particularly in suspension systems (DS, SM, CX, GS) and unique vehicle designs.
Gs Introduction:
The Citroën GS was introduced in 1970 as a successor to the Ami 8 and a smaller sibling to the CX. It was designed by Robert Opron.
Gsa Update:
The GSA was an update to the GS introduced in 1979, featuring revised styling (particularly the front end with a plastic grille and integrated bumpers) and interior, including a more modern dashboard.
Production Period:
GS: 1970–1986 (various markets), GSA: 1979–1986. The manual covers the bulk of this production run.
Manufacturing Sites:
Primarily France (Rennes-sur-Vilaine), with some assembly in other countries.
European Car Of The Year:
The Citroën GS was voted European Car of the Year in 1971.
Handling Reviews:
Consistently praised in period reviews for its exceptional ride comfort, handling, and stability, particularly its ability to absorb road imperfections.
Vintage Status:
Considered a classic and enthusiast vehicle, eligible for historic registration and club participation in many regions.
