Engine Mechanical:
Engine assembly, cylinder head, block, crankshaft, pistons, connecting rods, lubrication system, cooling system, timing system (belts/chains), fuel injection system (mechanical and electrical components).
Engine Management:
Engine Control Module (ECM) operation, sensor diagnostics (crankshaft position, camshaft position, oxygen, MAP, TPS), actuator diagnostics (injectors, ignition coils), emission control systems (EGR, catalytic converter).
Transmission:
Manual transmission (gearbox, clutch, linkages) and automatic transmission (torque converter, valve body, planetary gear sets, control systems), shift interlocks, torque specifications, fluid types and capacities.
Drivetrain:
Front-wheel drive axle shafts, CV joints, differential, propeller shafts (if applicable), wheel bearings.
Suspension:
Front suspension (struts, springs, control arms, ball joints, bushings, stabilizer bars), rear suspension (torsion beams, trailing arms, shock absorbers, bushings), alignment specifications, wheel alignment procedures.
Steering:
Power steering system (pump, reservoir, lines, rack and pinion or steering box), manual steering components, steering column, tie rods, universal joints, alignment specifications.
Brakes:
Front and rear brake systems (disc and drum), brake calipers, rotors, pads, shoes, master cylinder, brake booster, ABS system (components, diagnostics, bleeding procedures), parking brake.
Electrical System:
Battery, charging system (alternator, starter motor), ignition system (coils, spark plugs, wires), lighting system (headlights, taillights, interior), horn, wipers, power windows, central locking, fuses, relays, wiring diagrams.
Body And Chassis:
Body panels, doors, hood, trunk, bumpers, glass, interior trim, chassis components, rust prevention, corrosion repair, paint codes.
HVAC:
Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system, refrigerant types, service procedures, component replacement (compressor, condenser, evaporator, blower motor).
Safety Systems:
Airbag system (SRS components, diagnostics, replacement), seatbelts, pretensioners.
Routine Maintenance:
Oil changes, filter replacements (oil, air, fuel, cabin), spark plug replacement, coolant flushes, brake fluid changes, tire rotation and balancing.
Troubleshooting:
Diagnostic procedures for common drivability issues, electrical faults, starting problems, cooling system leaks, brake noises, and other mechanical failures. Includes symptom-based diagnostics.
Repair Procedures:
Step-by-step instructions for component removal, installation, and adjustment for all major vehicle systems, including engine rebuilds, transmission overhauls, brake caliper replacement, and suspension component servicing.
Diagnostics:
Detailed diagnostic flowcharts, OBD-II code explanations, testing procedures for sensors and actuators, electrical circuit testing using multimeters and oscilloscopes.
Component Replacement:
Instructions for replacing specific parts such as alternators, starters, fuel pumps, water pumps, radiators, CV axles, exhaust systems, window regulators, and more.
Calibration And Adjustment:
Procedures for wheel alignment, headlight aiming, clutch adjustment, and electronic control unit (ECU) relearning procedures after component replacement.
Depth:
Comprehensive, suitable for professional mechanics and advanced DIY enthusiasts. Covers everything from basic maintenance to complete engine and transmission rebuilds.
Oil Change Interval:
Every 5,000-7,500 miles (8,000-12,000 km) or 6-12 months, whichever comes first (refer to manual for exact interval based on driving conditions).
Air Filter Replacement:
Every 15,000-20,000 miles (24,000-32,000 km) or as needed based on dusty conditions.
Spark Plug Replacement:
Every 30,000-60,000 miles (48,000-96,000 km) depending on plug type (copper vs. platinum/iridium).
Timing Belt Replacement:
Crucial: Recommended every 60,000-90,000 miles (96,000-144,000 km) or 5-7 years. Failure can cause severe engine damage (interference engine).
Engine Oil Type:
API SG/SH or higher. SAE 5W-30 or 10W-40 recommended (check manual for specific viscosity based on climate).
Engine Oil Capacity:
Approx. 3.5-4.0 liters (3.7-4.2 US quarts) with filter change, depending on engine.
Coolant Type:
Ethylene glycol-based antifreeze/coolant. GM Dex-Cool (orange) or equivalent silicate-free coolant recommended for modern systems, or standard green coolant if specified.
Transmission Fluid Manual:
API GL-4, SAE 75W-90 or 80W-90 gear oil.
Transmission Fluid Automatic:
Dexron III/VI or equivalent ATF (Automatic Transmission Fluid).
Brake Fluid Type:
DOT 3 or DOT 4 brake fluid.
Engine Reliability:
Occasional issues with cooling system (radiator leaks, thermostat failures), ignition system components (coil packs, spark plug wires), and EGR valve clogging.
Transmission Issues:
Manual transmissions generally robust; automatic transmissions can experience wear in valve body or torque converter. Clutch wear is normal with mileage.
Suspension And Steering:
Bushings in control arms and sway bars can wear, leading to noise and vague handling. Power steering pumps and hoses can develop leaks.
Electrical Issues:
Wiring harness issues, alternator failure, and intermittent electrical gremlins can occur with age. Window regulator failures are also common.
Body And Chassis:
Corrosion, particularly in wheel wells, rocker panels, and around window seals, is a common concern in humid or road salt environments.