Positioning:
The FXST Softail represented a significant evolution for Harley-Davidson, introducing the then-new 'Softail' chassis with concealed rear suspension, offering a rigid frame look with modern ride comfort. It appealed to riders seeking classic styling with improved handling and performance compared to earlier rigid frames.
Competitors:
During this era, Harley-Davidson competed primarily with American V-twin manufacturers and emerging Japanese cruiser designs. The Softail's unique styling and V-twin character differentiated it significantly.
Chassis Design:
The defining feature is the Softail's concealed rear shock absorbers, mimicking the appearance of a hardtail frame while providing suspension compliance.
Engine Type:
Introduction of the Evolution (Evo) engine, a robust and more reliable successor to the Shovelhead, known for its torque and distinctive V-twin rumble.
Covered Years:
1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990
Estimated Pages:
Extensive (Specific count not provided in source, typical for comprehensive service manuals of this era, likely 400+ pages)
Type:
Service Repair Manual / Workshop Manual
Engine:
Detailed inspection, repair, and overhaul of the Evolution V-Twin engine, including top end, bottom end, ignition, and lubrication systems.
Transmission:
Service and repair procedures for the 5-speed constant mesh transmission, including clutch, primary drive, and gear inspection.
Chassis:
Coverage of the Softail frame, swingarm, suspension (front forks and rear shock absorbers), and wheel bearings.
Electrical:
Wiring diagrams, troubleshooting, charging system (alternator, regulator), ignition system, lighting, starter, and accessories.
Brakes:
Front and rear brake system service, including hydraulic components, caliper, master cylinder, and brake pads.
Fuel System:
Carburetor (likely Keihin CV) overhaul, adjustment, and fuel delivery system service, including fuel tank and lines.
Bodywork And Trim:
Instructions for removing and installing body components, fenders, seat, handlebars, and controls.
Routine Maintenance:
Oil changes, filter replacements, spark plug service, chain adjustment (if applicable, though Softail is belt drive), lubrication points.
Troubleshooting:
Diagnostic procedures for common running issues, electrical faults, and mechanical problems.
Engine Rebuild:
Comprehensive instructions for engine disassembly, inspection of internal components (pistons, rings, valves, bearings), and reassembly.
Transmission Overhaul:
Step-by-step guide for transmission disassembly, gear inspection, bearing replacement, and reassembly.
Electrical Diagnostics:
Detailed wiring diagrams and troubleshooting charts for the entire electrical system.
Suspension Service:
Fork seal replacement, fork oil changes, and rear shock absorber adjustments or replacement.
Carburetor Tuning:
Adjustment procedures for idle speed, mixture, and choke operation.
Depth:
Comprehensive workshop level, suitable for both experienced mechanics and dedicated DIY enthusiasts. Covers basic adjustments to full engine and transmission rebuilds.
Engine Family:
Harley-Davidson Evolution (Evo)
Displacement:
80 cubic inches (1339cc) for most models in this range. Early FXST models might have had 74ci (1200cc) Evolution engines as well, but 80ci became standard.
Configuration:
45-degree V-twin, air-cooled
Bore X Stroke:
For 80ci: 3.496 x 4.25 inches (88.8 x 107.95 mm)
Compression Ratio:
Typically around 8.8:1 to 9.0:1
Horsepower:
Approx. 60-65 HP (Varies by year and tune)
Torque:
Approx. 70-75 ft-lbs (Varies by year and tune)
Carburetor:
Likely Keihin CV (Constant Velocity) 40mm
Fuel Type:
Unleaded gasoline, minimum 91 octane (AKI)
Ignition System:
Electronic Ignition (CDI), dual fire ignition coils.
Oil System:
Dry sump oil system with oil tank typically located under the transmission.
Type:
5-speed constant mesh
Primary Drive:
Primary chain drive (single row) to clutch, enclosed in a primary cover.
Final Drive:
Belt drive (48-tooth rear pulley, 32-tooth front pulley typical)
Clutch Type:
Wet, multi-plate, diaphragm spring
Gear Ratios:
Specific ratios will be detailed in the manual, but typical 5-speed ratios for this era.
Transmission Fluid:
Harley-Davidson recommends specific transmission fluid (e.g., Harley-Davidson 80W-90 Hypoid Gear Oil or equivalent). Check manual for precise specification.
Wheelbase:
Approximately 60.5 inches (1537 mm)
Length:
Varies by model year, typically around 90-93 inches (2286-2362 mm)
Seat Height:
Approximately 26-27 inches (660-686 mm)
Dry Weight:
Around 550-600 lbs (250-272 kg) depending on specific model and equipment.
Fuel Capacity:
Typically 3.5 - 4.0 gallons (13.2 - 15.1 L)
Features:
Motorcycles of this era typically did not feature advanced infotainment systems. Audio systems were rare aftermarket additions. The focus was on the riding experience.
Features:
No electronic driver assistance features typical of modern vehicles (e.g., ABS, traction control) were standard on these models.
Features:
No integrated connectivity features were present. Communication relies on rider's own devices.
Oil Change:
Typically every 2,500-5,000 miles or 6 months, whichever comes first. The manual will specify precise intervals and oil type.
Primary Fluid Change:
Recommended at intervals specified in the manual, often coinciding with transmission fluid changes.
Spark Plugs:
Inspection and potential replacement at regular service intervals, e.g., 10,000-15,000 miles.
Belt Tension:
Regular checks and adjustment of final drive belt tension are crucial, typically every 5,000 miles.
Engine Oil:
Harley-Davidson recommends specific viscosity and API classification oils, typically 20W-50 for air-cooled V-twins. Consult manual for exact specification (e.g., Harley-Davidson SYN3 or similar). Oil capacity typically around 3 quarts.
Transmission Oil:
Harley-Davidson 80W-90 Hypoid Gear Oil or equivalent. Capacity around 24-26 fluid ounces.
Primary Fluid:
Typically Harley-Davidson Primary Chaincase Lubricant or equivalent. Capacity around 28-30 fluid ounces.
Brake Fluid:
DOT 3 or DOT 4 brake fluid (check manual for exact specification), use fresh fluid for bleeding.
Carburetor Tuning:
The Keihin CV carburetor can sometimes require adjustments for idle stability and smooth acceleration, especially with modifications.
Oil Leaks:
As with many motorcycles of this vintage, some minor oil seepage from gaskets or seals can occur over time and may require periodic attention.
Belt Wear:
The final drive belt requires proper tensioning to prevent premature wear and ensure longevity. Inspect for damage or excessive wear.
Electrical Connections:
Corrosion or looseness in electrical connectors can lead to intermittent issues; regular inspection and dielectric grease application are beneficial.
Heritage:
Harley-Davidson boasts a long and storied history dating back to 1903, synonymous with American motorcycle culture, V-twin engines, and a distinctive riding experience.
Softail Introduction:
The Softail platform was introduced in 1984, revolutionizing Harley-Davidson's styling and comfort with its hidden rear suspension, creating a distinct segment within their lineup.
Fxst Features:
The FXST (often the 'Standard' Softail) was the foundational model, establishing the look and feel that would define Softails for decades. Subsequent models like the FXSTS (Springer) and FXSTC (Custom) offered variations.
Production Period:
1984-1990 for this specific manual's coverage. The Softail platform continued to evolve with subsequent models and engine updates.
Manufacturing Location:
Primarily manufactured in the United States by Harley-Davidson Motor Company.
