Model:
FXSTS Softail Springer
Years Covered:
1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999
Vin Character Engine Variant:
Specific VIN decoders should be consulted for exact engine variant interpretation across model years.
Segment:
Cruiser Motorcycle
Distinctive Feature:
Iconic Springer front fork, custom styling, powerful V-twin engine.
Competitors:
Other V-twin cruisers of the era, custom bike builders.
Heritage:
Carried the legacy of Harley-Davidson's V-twin power and custom appeal into the modern era with a unique retro-styled front end.
Target Audience:
Riders seeking classic styling, custom looks, and the authentic Harley-Davidson riding experience.
Powertrain:
Engine (Evolution V-Twin), Transmission (5-speed Cruise Drive), Clutch, Final Drive
Chassis And Suspension:
Frame, Springer Front Fork Assembly, Rear Swingarm, Shock Absorbers, Wheel Hubs, Bearings
Brakes:
Front and Rear Hydraulic Disc Brakes, Brake Calipers, Master Cylinders, Lines, Pads
Electrical System:
Ignition System (Electronic), Charging System (Alternator, Regulator/Rectifier), Starting System (Starter Motor, Solenoid), Lighting (Headlight, Taillight, Turn Signals), Battery, Wiring Harness, Fuses, Switches, Gauges
Fuel And Exhaust:
Carburetor (Keihin CV typically), Fuel Tank, Fuel Lines, Petcock, Exhaust System
Bodywork And Trim:
Fenders, Fuel Tank, Seat, Handlebars, Controls, Covers, Fairing (if applicable to specific sub-models)
Maintenance:
Scheduled Maintenance Intervals, Oil Changes, Filter Replacements, Spark Plug Service, Belt Tension Adjustment, Brake Fluid Flush, Battery Maintenance
Troubleshooting:
Diagnostic Flowcharts, Symptom-Based Troubleshooting Guides, Common Fault Identification
Repair And Rebuild:
Engine Disassembly and Reassembly, Transmission Overhaul, Carburetor Rebuild, Brake System Repair, Springer Fork Service, Electrical Component Replacement
Component Removal And Installation:
Detailed instructions for removing and installing all major components and sub-assemblies.
Depth:
Comprehensive, covering routine maintenance to complete engine and transmission rebuilds, including detailed electrical schematics and troubleshooting.
Diagnostics:
Includes diagnostic procedures, specifications for component testing, and common issue resolution.
Engine Family:
Harley-Davidson Evolution (Evo) V-Twin
Engine Configuration:
45-degree V-Twin, Air-Cooled
Displacement Cc:
1340cc (81.8 cubic inches)
Bore X Stroke:
3.500 in x 4.250 in (88.9 mm x 108.0 mm) (typical for Evo)
Compression Ratio:
Approx. 8.5:1 (varies slightly by year and specific configuration)
Horsepower Approx:
Approx. 65-70 HP (varies by specific tuning and emissions controls across years)
Torque Approx:
Approx. 75-80 ft-lbs (varies by specific tuning and emissions controls across years)
Fuel Delivery:
Carbureted (typically Keihin CV 40mm) for most of the period; potential for early fuel injection in later years or specific models not explicitly mentioned.
Fuel Type:
Unleaded Gasoline, 87-91 Octane Recommended
Oil Type:
Harley-Davidson Genuine V-Twin Motor Oil 20W-50 or equivalent API SF, SG, SH, SJ
Oil Capacity:
Approx. 3 quarts (2.8 liters) for engine oil (includes primary chaincase)
Type:
5-Speed Constant Mesh (Cruise Drive)
Clutch Type:
Wet Multi-plate, Cable Actuated
Gear Ratios:
Specific ratios vary by year, but typical for a 5-speed: 1st: 9.312, 2nd: 6.423, 3rd: 4.744, 4th: 3.750, 5th: 3.174 (Consult manual for exact figures)
Final Drive:
Belt Drive (70-tooth rear pulley, 32-tooth front pulley typically)
Transmission Fluid:
Harley-Davidson Manual Transmission Lubricant or equivalent Harley-Davidson primary chaincase lubricant SAE 85W-140
Transmission Oil Capacity:
Approx. 24 US fl oz (710 ml) for transmission/primary
Wheelbase:
Approx. 65.0 inches (1651 mm)
Length:
Approx. 90.0 inches (2286 mm)
Seat Height:
Approx. 25.5 inches (648 mm) (unladen)
Dry Weight:
Approx. 600-650 lbs (272-295 kg) (varies slightly by year and options)
Fuel Capacity:
Approx. 4.0 US gallons (15.1 L)
Crash Test Ratings:
Not applicable for motorcycles in the same way as automobiles; focus is on rider safety through design and component reliability.
Braking System:
Dual Disc Front, Single Disc Rear Hydraulic Brakes
Lighting:
Halogen Headlight, Taillight, Stop Light, Turn Signals
Frame Construction:
Steel Frame and Swingarm designed for stability and handling.
Ergonomics:
Rider-centric controls and seating position for comfort and control.
System:
Basic analog instrumentation: speedometer, tachometer (often optional or integrated into speedo), fuel gauge, oil pressure light, neutral indicator, turn signal indicators. No advanced infotainment.
Features:
None. This era of Harley-Davidson focused on mechanicals and rider control, not electronic rider aids.
Features:
No integrated connectivity features like Bluetooth or smartphone integration.
First Service:
Typically 1,000 miles (1,600 km) for initial break-in service: engine oil and filter change, primary chaincase oil check, inspection of critical fasteners, clutch adjustment, and throttle cable adjustment.
Subsequent Oil Change:
Every 5,000 miles (8,000 km) or annually, whichever comes first.
Belt Tension Check:
Every 5,000 miles (8,000 km).
Brake Fluid Flush:
Every 2 years or as recommended based on fluid condition.
Engine Oil Filter Part Number:
Examples: Harley-Davidson 63796-77B, 26012-99
Primary Chaincase Oil Filter Part Number:
N/A (Primary chaincase shares oil with transmission)
Spark Plug Part Number:
Examples: Champion RA8HC, NGK DPR7EA-9
Primary Chain Tensioner:
Early models (pre-2001) had a spring-loaded primary chain tensioner that could wear out, leading to noise and potential damage. Later models introduced an improved hydraulic tensioner. This manual would detail inspection and replacement.
Carburetor Performance:
Keihin CV carburetor tuning can be sensitive. The manual will provide standard jetting and adjustment procedures.
Oil Leaks:
Common for older V-twins; manual covers gasket replacement and sealing procedures.
Starter Solenoid Failure:
Occasional failures may occur, manual provides testing and replacement steps.
Legacy:
Harley-Davidson, founded in 1903, is synonymous with American V-twin motorcycles and a distinct lifestyle.
Introduction Of Evo Engine:
The Evolution engine debuted in 1984, becoming the backbone of Harley-Davidson's lineup and powering the Softail models.
Introduction Of Springer Fork:
The Softail Springer line revived the iconic Springer front fork, blending vintage aesthetics with modern mechanicals. The FXSTS was a key model in this revival.
Manufacturing Location:
United States (primarily Milwaukee, Wisconsin and York, Pennsylvania)
Market Impact:
The FXSTS offered a strong visual statement and a nostalgic riding experience, appealing to riders who valued classic styling and the raw power of the Evo engine.
Model Specific Awards:
While specific awards are not widely publicized for individual model years in this segment, the FXSTS Softail Springer was recognized for its unique styling and contribution to the custom motorcycle culture of the era.
Reliability Reputation:
The Evolution engine is generally considered robust and reliable when properly maintained, a testament to its solid engineering.
Standard Compliance:
Meets all applicable US Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) and emissions regulations for its model years.
