Engine Mechanical:
Engine assembly, disassembly, cylinder head, valve train, piston assembly, crankshaft, camshafts, timing system, cooling system, lubrication system, fuel injection system (mechanical aspects), turbocharger system (mechanical aspects).
Engine Electrical And Electronics:
Engine control module (ECM) diagnostics, sensors (crankshaft position, camshaft position, MAF, MAP, O2, throttle position), actuators (injectors, ignition coils, throttle body), ignition system, starting system, charging system, emission control systems (EGR, catalytic converter), diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).
Transmission Mechanical:
Manual transmission (if applicable), Automatic transmission (if applicable) - internal components, clutch system, drive shafts, differentials, gearbox overhaul, fluid specifications, torque converter (automatic).
Transmission Electronics:
Automatic transmission control unit (TCU) diagnostics, shift solenoids, transmission fluid temperature sensors, gear position sensors, electronic shift control systems.
Chassis And Suspension:
Front suspension (MacPherson strut, control arms, anti-roll bar), rear suspension (Multi-link independent suspension), steering system (hydraulic power steering, electric power steering if applicable), wheel bearings, hub assemblies, alignment specifications.
Brakes And Wheels:
Brake system components (discs, pads, calipers, master cylinder, brake booster), ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) diagnostics, EBD (Electronic Brakeforce Distribution), brake fluid specifications, parking brake system, wheel specifications, tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS).
Bodywork And Chassis:
Body structure, exterior panels (doors, hood, tailgate, fenders), interior trim, glass and seals, corrosion protection, structural repair procedures, welding specifications, body panel replacement, chassis alignment.
Electrical System General:
Wiring diagrams, fuse box locations, relay functions, battery system, lighting system (headlights, taillights, interior lights), horn, power windows, central locking system, mirrors, wipers, washers, interior electronics.
Comfort And Convenience:
Air conditioning (HVAC) system components and service, climate control module, heater core, blower motor, seat adjustment mechanisms, power seats, sunroof operation, keyless entry system, immobilizer system.
Airbags And Restraints:
Airbag control module (ACM), airbag sensors, airbags (front, side, curtain), seatbelt pre-tensioners, SRS (Supplemental Restraint System) diagnostics and service procedures.
Routine Maintenance:
Oil changes, filter replacements (oil, air, fuel, cabin), fluid level checks and top-ups, tire rotations, brake inspections, battery checks, spark plug replacement (if applicable), belt inspections and replacement.
Troubleshooting:
Diagnostic charts, symptom-based troubleshooting guides for various systems (engine, transmission, brakes, electrical), fault code interpretation and resolution.
Repair And Overhaul:
Detailed step-by-step instructions for component removal, disassembly, inspection, repair, reassembly, and installation for all major systems, including engine rebuild, transmission overhaul, suspension component replacement, brake caliper overhauls, body panel repair and replacement.
Diagnostics:
Wiring diagrams for electrical and electronic systems, connector pinouts, signal tracing, use of diagnostic scan tools, interpretation of sensor data, electronic module testing.
Bodywork Repair:
Procedures for dent removal, panel straightening, welding, seam sealing, rust repair, body component alignment, glass replacement, interior trim installation.
Depth Of Information:
Comprehensive, covering all aspects from routine maintenance to full engine and transmission rebuilds, including detailed diagnostic procedures for electronic systems and structural repair guidelines for bodywork.
Target Audience:
Professional automotive technicians, advanced DIY enthusiasts.
Global Ncap Rating:
4-star rating for adult occupant protection in Global NCAP crash tests for models equipped with side airbags. Earlier models without side airbags had lower ratings.
ABS:
Standard on most variants, Anti-lock Braking System
Ebd:
Standard on most variants, Electronic Brakeforce Distribution
Esp:
Available on higher variants, Electronic Stability Program (also known as ESP, ESC, or VSC)
Hill Hold Control:
Available on some higher variants
Hill Descent Control:
Available on AWD variants
Airbags:
Up to 6 airbags (driver, co-driver, side airbags, curtain airbags) on higher variants. Base variants may have fewer or no airbags.
Seatbelts:
3-point ELR seatbelts with pre-tensioners and load limiters for front seats, 3-point seatbelts for second row, 2-point seatbelt for middle seat in third row.
Child Seat Anchors:
ISOFIX child seat anchors on second-row outer seats.
Oil And Filter Change:
Typically every 10,000 km or 12 months, whichever comes first. Consult manual for specific interval.
Air Filter Replacement:
Every 20,000 km or as per manual recommendation, depending on operating conditions.
Fuel Filter Replacement:
Every 40,000 km or as per manual recommendation, especially critical for diesel engines.
Coolant Replacement:
Typically every 40,000 km or 2 years. Consult manual for specific coolant type and interval.
Transmission Fluid Change:
Manual: Every 60,000 km or 4 years. Automatic: Every 40,000 km or 3 years, or as indicated by transmission fluid condition. Always refer to the workshop manual.
Brake Fluid Type:
DOT 3 or DOT 4, depending on the system's requirements. Consult manual for precise specification.
Power Steering Fluid:
Hydraulic Mineral Oil or specified ATF for hydraulic systems. For electric power steering, no fluid is typically required for the steering rack itself. Consult manual.
Engine Performance:
Some users reported occasional turbo lag, especially in early models. Check for proper wastegate operation and sensor readings.
Transmission Reliability:
Early automatic transmission variants sometimes experienced issues with smooth shifting or reliability. Check for ATF level and condition, and diagnostic codes related to the TCU.
Suspension And Steering:
Wear on suspension components (bushings, ball joints) and steering rack issues have been reported by some owners due to road conditions. Regular inspections are advised.
Electrical Gremlins:
Minor electrical issues, such as sensor malfunctions or issues with power accessories, can occur. Comprehensive wiring diagrams in the manual are crucial for diagnosis.
Clutch Wear:
In manual transmission models, clutch wear can be dependent on driving style and conditions. Over time, the clutch may require replacement.
Dpf Issues:
If equipped with a Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) in specific markets, regeneration issues or clogging could occur with frequent short trips. Refer to manual for DPF maintenance procedures.