Vehicle Segment:
Full-size luxury sedan, flagship model for Mercedes-Benz.
Target Audience:
Affluent individuals seeking advanced technology, superior comfort, and refined performance.
Key Competitors:
BMW 7 Series, Audi A8, Lexus LS, Porsche Panamera, Jaguar XJ.
Luxury Appointments:
Premium materials, extensive customization options, advanced climate control, massage seats.
Performance Options:
Wide range of powerful V6, V8, V12 gasoline engines and efficient diesel options.
Technology Innovation:
Introduction of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), sophisticated infotainment, and comfort technologies.
Ride Comfort:
AIRMATIC and ABC suspension systems providing exceptional ride quality and handling.
Engine Mechanical:
Detailed diagnosis, repair, overhaul procedures for all W221 gasoline and diesel engines (e.g., M272, M273, M156, M275, M278, OM642, OM629).
Engine Management:
Engine control units (ECU), sensors, actuators, fuel injection, ignition systems, emissions control, troubleshooting codes (DTCs).
Transmission Automatic:
7G-TRONIC (722.9) and other applicable automatic transmissions: diagnosis, repair, fluid changes, torque converter, valve body.
Drivetrain:
Driveshafts, differentials, axles, 4MATIC all-wheel drive system (if applicable).
Suspension:
AIRMATIC air suspension, Active Body Control (ABC), conventional suspension components, alignment specifications, troubleshooting.
Brakes:
Hydraulic system, ABS, ESP, brake assist, parking brake, rotor and pad replacement, bleeding procedures.
Steering:
Power steering system, steering column, steering gear diagnosis and repair.
Electrical Systems:
Complete wiring diagrams, fuse box layouts, component testing, starter, alternator, battery management.
Comfort Systems:
Climate control (THERMOTRONIC/THERMATIC), seats, windows, sunroof, door locks, interior lighting.
Infotainment Navigation:
COMAND system, audio, navigation, Bluetooth, telematics (NTG versions applicable to W221).
Body And Chassis:
Body panel removal/installation, interior trim, doors, hoods, trunk lid, chassis components.
Driver Assistance:
DISTRONIC PLUS, PARKTRONIC, LANE KEEPING ASSIST, BLIND SPOT ASSIST, sensor calibration.
Scheduled Maintenance:
Detailed service schedules (e.g., Service A, Service B), filter changes, fluid checks and replacements.
Diagnostics:
Step-by-step diagnostic procedures for common and complex faults, interpretation of diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).
Repair Procedures:
Component removal and installation instructions with torque specifications, overhaul procedures for major assemblies.
Troubleshooting:
Flowcharts and guides for identifying and resolving specific vehicle issues.
Electrical Troubleshooting:
Wiring diagram analysis, component testing, fault finding in electrical circuits.
Component Replacement:
Instructions for replacing common wear items and major components.
Special Tools:
Identification and usage instructions for specialized Mercedes-Benz tools required for specific repairs.
Depth Level:
Comprehensive: covers everything from basic maintenance and fluid changes to complete engine and transmission rebuilds, as well as in-depth electrical and diagnostic procedures.
Engine Variants:
Common engines include: 3.5L V6 (M272), 5.5L V8 (M273), 6.0L V12 Biturbo (M275/M279), 6.2L V8 AMG (M156), 3.0L V6 Diesel (OM642), 4.0L V8 Diesel (OM629). Later models featured 3.0L V6 Biturbo (M276) and 4.7L V8 Biturbo (M278).
Horsepower Range:
Approximately 228 hp (S 300) to 621 hp (S 65 AMG).
Torque Range:
Approximately 273 lb-ft (S 300) to 738 lb-ft (S 65 AMG).
Fuel Delivery:
Fuel injection (MPI/GDI depending on engine variant).
Fuel Type:
Premium Unleaded Gasoline, Diesel (for OM variants).
Engine Identification:
M272, M273, M156, M275, M279, M276, M278, OM642, OM629.
Length:
Approx. 5076 - 5229 mm (199.8 - 205.9 inches), depending on wheelbase and AMG variants.
Width:
Approx. 1871 - 1899 mm (73.7 - 74.8 inches).
Height:
Approx. 1472 - 1488 mm (57.9 - 58.6 inches).
Wheelbase:
Standard: Approx. 3035 mm (119.5 inches). Long Wheelbase (LWB): Approx. 3165 mm (124.6 inches).
Passenger Volume:
Substantial, designed for luxury and space.
Trunk Volume:
Approx. 560 liters (19.8 cubic feet).
Curb Weight:
Approx. 1900 - 2200 kg (4189 - 4850 lbs), depending on engine and equipment.
NHTSA Ratings:
Generally achieved high safety ratings from relevant authorities like NHTSA and Euro NCAP for its time, though specific ratings may vary by model year and testing methodology.
Active Safety Systems:
ABS, BAS (Brake Assist), ESP (Electronic Stability Program), ASR (Traction Control), PRE-SAFE® predictive occupant protection, tire pressure monitoring.
Driver Assistance Systems:
Optional: DISTRONIC PLUS (adaptive cruise control), PARKTRONIC (parking sensors), LANE KEEPING ASSIST, BLIND SPOT ASSIST, NIGHT VIEW ASSIST.
Passive Safety Features:
Multiple airbags (front, side, curtain, knee), active head restraints, high-strength steel body structure.
Infotainment System:
COMAND (Cockpit Management and Navigation) system, typically featuring a 7-inch display, integrated navigation, CD/DVD player, auxiliary input, and Bluetooth connectivity.
Audio System:
Standard audio system, with optional upgrades like Harman Kardon LOGIC 7 or Bang & Olufsen sound systems.
Adas Features Overview:
Advanced Driver Assistance Systems were a hallmark, including features like adaptive cruise control, lane keeping assist, blind spot monitoring, and automatic emergency braking.
Connectivity Options:
Bluetooth for hands-free calling and audio streaming, optional Mercedes-Benz TeleAid service for emergency assistance.
Convenience Features:
Keyless-Go ignition, soft-close doors, power trunk, ambient lighting, heated and ventilated seats with massage function.
Major Service Intervals:
Typically every 10,000 miles (16,000 km) or 12 months, whichever comes first, for 'Service A' and 'Service B' intervals, which alternate and include specific checks and replacements.
Engine Oil Type:
Varies by engine. Common specifications include MB 229.5 (e.g., Mobil 1 0W-40, Pentosin P-Formula 0W-40) for gasoline engines, and MB 229.51 or MB 229.52 for diesel engines.
Coolant Type:
Mercedes-Benz approved coolant concentrate (e.g., G48 or similar), mixed with distilled water.
Brake Fluid Type:
DOT 4 Plus (MB 331.0).
Common Problems:
AIRMATIC/ABC suspension leaks and pump failures, balance shaft issues in early M272/M273 engines, ignition coil failures, rear SAM module issues, transmission conductor plate failure, oil cooler leaks, thermostat housing leaks.
Maintenance Focus Areas:
Regular inspection of suspension components, proactive replacement of wear items, monitoring for oil and coolant leaks.
