Vehicle Segment Positioning:
The W168 A-Class was Mercedes-Benz's entry into the compact hatchback segment, aiming to attract a younger demographic and compete with European rivals. It offered premium build quality and safety features typically found in larger Mercedes-Benz models.
Primary Competitors:
Volkswagen Golf, Ford Focus, BMW 3 Series Compact (E36/5), Audi A3 (8L).
Vehicle Unique Selling Points:
Sandwich floor construction for enhanced safety and interior packaging, compact dimensions with surprisingly spacious interior, advanced safety systems for its class, distinctive styling.
Manual Benefit For Owner:
Empowers owners and technicians with the detailed knowledge required for accurate diagnosis, efficient repair, and proper maintenance, ensuring the longevity and optimal performance of the Mercedes-Benz W168 A190.
Engine Systems:
Engine mechanicals (cylinder head, block, pistons, crankshaft, camshafts), fuel injection system, ignition system, cooling system, lubrication system, exhaust system, engine control unit (ECU) and sensors.
Transmission Systems:
Manual and automatic transmission servicing, repair, clutch replacement, gearbox overhaul, torque converter, shift mechanisms, transmission control unit (TCU).
Chassis Systems:
Suspension (front and rear), steering system (rack and pinion, power steering), brakes (hydraulic system, ABS, brake pads, discs, calipers, bleeding), wheels and tires, chassis lubrication.
Electrical Systems:
Wiring diagrams, battery, charging system (alternator), starting system (starter motor), lighting (headlights, taillights, interior), fuses, relays, body control module (BCM), comfort electronics, instrument cluster, infotainment system wiring.
Body And Trim:
Body panel removal/installation, door mechanisms, interior trim, seats, glass, sunroof, bumpers, seals, paint repair (guidelines).
Maintenance Procedures:
Routine maintenance tasks such as oil changes, filter replacements (oil, air, fuel, cabin), spark plug replacement, fluid level checks and top-ups, brake fluid flush, coolant flush, belt inspections and replacement.
Repair Procedures:
Detailed step-by-step instructions for component removal, repair, and reinstallation for all major systems. Includes engine overhauls, transmission rebuilds, suspension component replacement, brake system repairs, electrical troubleshooting and component replacement.
Troubleshooting Diagnostics:
Fault finding guides, diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) interpretation, common problem diagnosis, wiring diagram analysis for electrical faults, mechanical troubleshooting.
Technical Specifications Data:
Torque specifications for all fasteners, fluid capacities, fluid types and grades, component clearances, engine timing procedures, electrical system voltages and resistances.
Depth Of Information:
Factory-level diagnostic and repair information, suitable for professional technicians and advanced DIY mechanics. Covers detailed component disassembly, overhaul, and reassembly.
PDF Quality And Features:
High-resolution PDF, often searchable text, allowing for quick navigation and information retrieval. May include hyperlinked sections for ease of use. Printable pages.
Digital Reproduction Quality:
Designed for clear digital viewing and printing. Diagrams, illustrations, and text are rendered with clarity.
Digital Format Binding:
N/A (PDF format)
Digital Format Paper Reference:
N/A (PDF format)
Engine Type:
Inline-4 Cylinder, Naturally Aspirated
Displacement:
1.9 Liters (1900 cc)
Horsepower Approximate:
Approximately 125 hp (92 kW) at around 5500 rpm
Torque Approximate:
Approximately 175 Nm (129 lb-ft) at around 4200 rpm
Fuel Delivery System:
Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI), likely Bosch Motronic or similar.
Fuel Grade Recommendation:
Premium Unleaded Gasoline (91 Octane or higher)
Engine Control Unit Type:
Integrated engine and transmission control, specific Bosch or Siemens ECU.
Engine Orientation:
Transverse, Front-Wheel Drive
Euro Ncap Rating:
Achieved a strong 4-star Euro NCAP rating in its initial tests, notable for its class at the time.
Active Safety Systems:
Anti-lock Braking System (ABS), Electronic Stability Program (ESP), Traction Control System (ASR).
Passive Safety Features:
Front airbags, side airbags (optional/standard depending on trim), front and rear crumple zones, reinforced passenger cell, seatbelt pretensioners.
Sandwich Platform Safety Benefit:
The 'sandwich' floor design allowed the engine and drivetrain to slide underneath the passenger compartment in a severe frontal impact, enhancing occupant protection.
Infotainment System Features:
Basic audio systems with CD/radio, optional navigation systems (APS 30), and climate control. Limited by the era of its production.
Driver Assistance Features:
Primary focus on safety systems like ABS and ESP. Cruise control was often an optional extra.
Connectivity Options:
Minimal by modern standards. May have provisions for early mobile phone integration or CD changers.
Oil Change Interval:
Typically every 15,000 km (9,300 miles) or 1 year, whichever comes first (dependent on service indicator system and oil type used).
Major Service Interval:
Intervals for spark plug replacement, brake fluid, coolant, and other major items vary but are typically around 60,000 km (37,000 miles) or 3-4 years.
Engine Oil Specification:
SAE 0W-30 or 5W-40, meeting MB 229.5 or MB 229.3 specifications. Consult manual for exact approval codes.
Coolant Specification:
Mercedes-Benz approved G48 antifreeze/coolant concentrate (blue-green) mixed with deionized water (50/50 ratio).
Brake Fluid Specification:
DOT 4, ideally a low-viscosity variant (e.g., DOT 4 PLUS or DOT 4 LV) meeting MB 331.0.
Common Wear And Tear Items:
Front control arm bushings, rear shock absorbers, exhaust system components (muffler, catalytic converter), ignition coils, mass air flow (MAF) sensor.
Electrical Gremlins:
Occasional issues with window regulators, central locking systems, and corrosion on electrical connectors can occur due to age and environmental factors.
Powertrain Considerations:
Timing chain tensioners (on some engine variants, though M166 is generally robust), clutch wear (on manual transmissions), transmission control module issues (on automatics).
Mercedes Benz Heritage In Compact Segment:
The W168 represented Mercedes-Benz's first serious foray into the subcompact segment, challenging its traditional image of luxury sedans and SUVs. It aimed to broaden the brand's appeal.
W168 Facelift And Updates:
Received a significant facelift in 2001, with updated styling, improved interior materials, revised suspension, and new engine options. The A190 was available both pre- and post-facelift.
Production Period:
1997 - 2004
Manufacturing Locations:
Primarily manufactured at the Mercedes-Benz plant in Rastatt, Germany, and subsequently in Kecskemét, Hungary.
Safety Awards Recognition:
The W168 was recognized for its innovative safety design, particularly its 'sandwich' floor concept, which contributed to its strong Euro NCAP performance.
Reliability Rankings Era:
While Mercedes-Benz vehicles are generally known for quality, the W168, being an early foray into the compact segment, had mixed reliability reports compared to more established models in its class, especially as it aged. Detailed service is crucial.
