PORSCHE 944 S 944 S2 Service Repair Manual

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🏷️ Basic Information Identification Make: Porsche Model: 944 Trim Levels: S, S2 Generation Generation Name: Second Generation (Type 944) Production Years: 1986-1991 (S/S2 variants) Codes Chassis Code: Type 944 👋...

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类型: Car

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标签: 944 944 S 944 S2 Car Cars Porsche

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Description

🏷️ Basic Information

Identification

Make:

Porsche

Model:

Trim Levels:

S, S2

Generation

Generation Name:

Second Generation (Type 944)

Production Years:

1986-1991 (S/S2 variants)

Codes

Chassis Code:

Type 944

👋 Introduction

Market Position

Positioning:

Performance grand tourer, established Porsche lineage, significant evolution from 924

Competitive Analysis

Competitors:

BMW 3 Series (E30), Mercedes-Benz 190E, Chevrolet Camaro, Ford Mustang

Key Features

Design Philosophy:

Transaxle layout for balanced weight distribution, front-engine, rear-wheel drive

Target Audience:

Enthusiasts seeking a capable, reliable, and distinctive sports coupe with a focus on driving dynamics

📋 Manual Details

Coverage Areas

Covered Models:

Porsche 944 S, Porsche 944 S2

Applicable Years:

1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991

Page Count

Estimated Pages:

Hundreds (specific number not provided, but described as extensive)

Manual Type

Type:

Service Repair Manual

Language

Language:

English

Format

Format:

📖 Manual Coverage

Systems Covered

Engine:

Complete overhaul, diagnosis, tuning, lubrication, cooling, fuel, ignition, exhaust systems

Transmission:

Manual and automatic transmission overhaul, clutch, driveline, axle assemblies

Brakes:

Hydraulic system, ABS (if equipped), disc brake components, parking brake

Suspension Steering:

Front and rear suspension components, wheel alignment, steering system diagnosis and repair

Electrical System:

Wiring diagrams, component testing, starter, alternator, battery, lighting, instrumentation, ECU diagnostics

Body Chassis:

Bodywork repair, exterior trim, interior components, frame and chassis structural integrity

HVAC:

Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system service and repair

Fuel System:

Fuel injection system (Motronic), fuel pump, injectors, pressure regulator

Emissions Control:

Emission control devices and systems, catalytic converter, oxygen sensors

Procedures Included

Maintenance:

Scheduled maintenance, oil changes, filter replacements, spark plug service, belt replacement

Troubleshooting:

Diagnostic procedures for common and complex issues, fault code interpretation

Repair Rebuild:

Step-by-step instructions for component removal, installation, and rebuilding

Refurbishment Restoration:

Guidance on restoring worn or damaged components and systems

Diagnostics:

Detailed diagnostic charts and procedures for identifying root causes of problems

Specifications:

Torque values, clearances, fluid capacities, electrical resistance, pressures

Technical Depth

Depth:

Comprehensive from basic DIY maintenance to advanced engine and transmission overhauls

Detail Level:

Highly detailed, suitable for professional mechanics and experienced enthusiasts

📊 Manual Specifications

File Format

File Type:

Searchability:

Likely text-searchable (standard for professional PDFs)

Print Quality

Printability:

Printable for use in a workshop environment

Binding Type

Binding:

N/A (Digital Format)

Paper Type

Paper:

N/A (Digital Format)

⚙️ Engine Specifications

Primary Engine

Engine Type 944 S:

Naturally Aspirated Inline 4-cylinder (M44/51)

Engine Displacement 944 S:

2.5 Liters (2479 cc)

Engine Type 944 S2:

Naturally Aspirated Inline 4-cylinder (M44/51)

Engine Displacement 944 S2:

2.5 Liters (2479 cc) - Larger bore and stroke than 944 S

Performance

Horsepower 944 S:

190 hp (142 kW) at 6000 rpm

Torque 944 S:

180 lb-ft (244 Nm) at 4500 rpm

Horsepower 944 S2:

208 hp (155 kW) at 6000 rpm

Torque 944 S2:

207 lb-ft (281 Nm) at 4500 rpm

Fuel System

Fuel Injection:

Bosch Motronic Electronic Fuel Injection

Fuel Type:

Premium Unleaded Gasoline (91 Octane or higher)

Engine Construction

Block Material:

Aluminum Alloy

Head Material:

Aluminum Alloy

Valvetrain:

Dual Overhead Camshafts (DOHC), 4 valves per cylinder

🔧 Transmission

Standard

Standard Transmission:

5-Speed Manual Transaxle

Optional

Optional Transmission:

Tiptronic Automatic Transaxle (Optional on some S2 models)

Features

Transaxle Layout:

Rear-mounted transaxle (engine front, transmission rear)

Gear Ratios:

Specific ratios available in the manual

Fluid Specifications

Manual Transmission Fluid:

Refer to manual for specific API GL-4 or GL-5 specification and viscosity (e.g., 75W-90)

Automatic Transmission Fluid:

Refer to manual for specific ATF type (e.g., Dexron III equivalent)

📐 Dimensions

Exterior

Length:

Approx. 168.0 inches (4267 mm)

Width:

Approx. 67.9 inches (1725 mm)

Height:

Approx. 50.1 inches (1273 mm)

Wheelbase:

Approx. 94.5 inches (2400 mm)

Weights

Curb Weight:

Approx. 2800-3000 lbs (1270-1360 kg), varies by model and equipment

Gross Vehicle Weight Rating:

Refer to vehicle VIN plate or manual

Cargo

Cargo Capacity:

Combined front and rear storage, rear cargo area expandable with folding seats

Wheels Tires

Wheel Bolt Pattern:

5 x 130 mm

Standard Wheel Size:

16-inch Alloy (often 7J front, 8J rear)

Standard Tire Size:

205/55R16 front, 225/50R16 rear (typical for S2)

🛡️ Safety Features

Ratings

NHTSA Ratings:

No specific ratings readily available for this era, refer to period automotive publications

Active Features

Anti-lock Braking System (Standard on S2, optional on some later S models)

Traction Control:

Optional on some models (e.g., MSR - Motor Slip Regulation)

Passive Features

Airbags:

Driver airbag standard from 1987/88 onwards; Passenger airbag optional/later standard

Seatbelts:

Three-point front seatbelts with pre-tensioners (later models)

Rollover Protection:

Reinforced A-pillars and integrated roll bar behind seats for coupe models

💡 Technology Features

Infotainment

Audio System:

Factory Porsche stereo systems, often Blaupunkt or Grundig, with integrated cassette or radio

Navigation:

Not typically available from the factory for these model years

Driver Assistance

Cruise Control:

Optional or standard depending on trim and year

Connectivity

Bluetooth Usb:

Not factory equipped; aftermarket solutions available

🔧 Maintenance

Service Intervals

Oil Change Interval:

Typically 7,500 miles (12,000 km) or 1 year, refer to manual for exact Porsche recommendation

Timing Belt Replacement:

Crucial service, typically every 30,000-60,000 miles (50,000-100,000 km) or 3-5 years. The manual will detail the exact interval and procedure.

Spark Plug Replacement:

Refer to manual; typically around 30,000 miles (50,000 km)

Fluid Specifications

Engine Oil Specification:

Refer to manual for specific API, ACEA, and viscosity grade (e.g., 5W-40 or 10W-40 synthetic)

Coolant Specification:

Porsche approved coolant or equivalent (e.g., ethylene glycol-based, 50/50 mix with distilled water)

Brake Fluid Specification:

DOT 4 or DOT 5.1 brake fluid

Power Steering Fluid:

Refer to manual, typically hydraulic fluid or ATF

Known Issues

Common Issues Engine:

Timing belt tensioner failure, camshaft seal leaks, fuel distributor issues, oil cooler leaks

Common Issues Suspension Steering:

Worn control arm bushings, ball joints, steering rack leaks, rear axle trailing arm bearings

Common Issues Electrical:

Corrosion on electrical connectors, fuel pump relay failure, ABS sensor issues, dashboard warning light anomalies

Common Issues HVAC:

HVAC blower motor failure, refrigerant leaks, climate control unit issues

Common Issues Body:

Rust in common areas (e.g., battery tray, rear wheel wells), door seal degradation

📚 Vehicle History

Brand Heritage

Porsche Legacy:

Direct descendant of Porsche's engineering and performance focus, though a departure from rear-engine tradition

Model Evolution

944 Development:

Evolved from the 924, with significant upgrades including a larger displacement engine, improved suspension, and enhanced styling

944 S Introduction:

Introduced in 1986 as a performance variant with a 16-valve cylinder head, improving horsepower over the standard 944

944 S2 Introduction:

Introduced in 1989 as a further evolution, featuring a 3.0-liter engine and a revised front bumper/bodywork, becoming the most powerful naturally aspirated 944

Production

Manufacturing Location:

Neckarsulm, Germany (Audi plant, under contract for Porsche)

Production Period:

944 S: 1986-1988; 944 S2: 1989-1991

🏆 Awards & Recognition

Recognitions

Automotive Press Accolades:

Consistently praised for its handling, balance, and engineering by automotive journalists of its era

Ratings

Performance Benchmarks:

Often ranked highly for its performance metrics against contemporary competitors

Certifications

Maintenance Standards:

Adheres to strict Porsche engineering and quality standards