🏷️ Basic Information

Make:

Subaru

Model:

DL / GL

Model Generations:

Second Generation (AWD models became standard in 1990s, but DL/GL designation refers to earlier models pre-dating the complete AWD transition in the mainstream line-up, though AWD was an option on many.)

Applicable Model Years:

1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994

Chassis Codes:

Often referred to by chassis generation, such as the 'LM' series for sedans and wagons, though specific VIN decoding is more precise.

👋 Introduction

Target Audience:

Subaru DL/GL owners, independent repair shops, Subaru enthusiasts seeking in-depth knowledge.

Value Proposition:

Provides the same essential information used by dealership technicians, offering significant cost savings on repairs and maintenance compared to dealership labor rates.

Manual Advantage:

Directly sourced from Subaru's factory documentation, ensuring accuracy and completeness for the specified model years and variants.

📋 Manual Details

Manual Coverage Scope:

Complete Workshop Service and Repair

Estimated Page Count:

1000+ pages (comprehensive factory data)

Manual Type:

Factory Service Manual / Workshop Manual

Language:

English

Format:

Digital Download (PDF)

File Format Details:

Searchable PDF with high-resolution diagrams and text.

Print Quality Digital:

Clear, legible text and graphics suitable for printing individual pages or sections.

Binding Type Digital:

N/A (Digital format)

Paper Type Digital:

N/A (Digital format)

📖 Manual Coverage

Engine Mechanical:

Engine assembly, disassembly, cylinder head, block, pistons, connecting rods, crankshaft, lubrication system, cooling system, timing belt/chain, valve train.

Engine Electrical:

Ignition system, starting system, charging system, fuel injection system (ECU, sensors, injectors, fuel pump), emissions control systems.

Transmission Manual:

Manual transmission disassembly, inspection, assembly, clutch system, driveline components (driveshafts, CV joints).

Transmission Automatic:

Automatic transmission disassembly, inspection, assembly, torque converter, hydraulic system, shift control.

Suspension Steering:

Front and rear suspension components (struts, shocks, control arms, ball joints, bushings), steering system (rack and pinion, power steering pump, steering column).

Brakes:

Front and rear brake systems (disc and drum), hydraulic system (master cylinder, brake lines, calipers, wheel cylinders), parking brake system, ABS (if equipped).

Body Chassis:

Body panel removal/installation, structural components, doors, windows, interior trim, exterior trim, underbody.

Electrical Systems:

Wiring diagrams, lighting systems (headlights, taillights, interior lights), horn, wipers, power windows, power locks, instrument cluster, fuse box, relays.

HVAC:

Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system components, refrigerant handling, controls, blower motor, evaporator, condenser.

Routine Maintenance:

Oil change procedures, filter replacements, fluid checks and top-offs, tire rotation, spark plug replacement, belt inspections.

Troubleshooting:

Diagnostic flowcharts for common problems, symptom-based troubleshooting guides, error code explanations (OBD-I).

Major Repairs:

Engine rebuilds, transmission overhauls, suspension component replacement, brake system repairs, exhaust system repairs.

Electrical Diagnostics:

Component testing, circuit tracing using wiring diagrams, diagnosing electrical faults.

Specification Settings:

Torque specifications for all fasteners, valve clearances, ignition timing, idle speed settings, wheel alignment specifications.

Special Tools:

Identification and usage of Subaru-specific or specialized tools required for certain procedures.

Depth Of Coverage:

Comprehensive factory-level detail for professional technicians and experienced DIY enthusiasts.

Diagnostic Capabilities:

Advanced diagnostic procedures, component testing methods, and troubleshooting pathways for all major systems.

⚙️ Engine Specifications

Engine Type:

Horizontally Opposed (Boxer) 4-Cylinder SOHC and DOHC

Engine Displacement Common:

1.8L (EA81, EA82 series), 2.0L (EA82 series), 2.2L (EJ22 series for later models in the range).

Horsepower Range:

Approximately 70-100+ hp depending on engine variant and specific year.

Torque Range:

Approximately 90-125+ lb-ft depending on engine variant and specific year.

Fuel Delivery:

Carbureted (early models) and Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI/MPI for later models).

Fuel Type:

Unleaded Gasoline

Engine Construction:

Aluminum Alloy Block and Cylinder Heads (typical for Boxer engines)

🔧 Transmission

Standard Transmission Type:

5-Speed Manual

Optional Transmission Type:

3-Speed or 4-Speed Automatic

Drivetrain:

Front-Wheel Drive (FWD) and All-Wheel Drive (AWD) (AWD often optional or standard on certain trims/years).

Clutch Type:

Dry single-plate clutch (Manual transmission)

📐 Dimensions

Body Styles:

4-Door Sedan, 5-Door Station Wagon

Curb Weight Range:

Approx. 2200 - 2700 lbs (1000 - 1225 kg) depending on configuration.

🛡️ Safety Features

Safety Ratings Era:

Crash test data from this era is less standardized than modern tests; the manual will detail structural integrity and passive safety features of the time.

Active Safety Features Early:

Often limited to effective braking systems and chassis dynamics.

Passive Safety Features:

Seat belts (front and rear), reinforced chassis, crumple zones (designed per standards of the era), padded dashboard, safety glass.

💡 Technology Features

Infotainment Features:

Basic AM/FM radio with cassette player, manual or power antenna, speaker systems.

Driver Assistance Systems:

Limited to standard braking systems; ABS was not widely prevalent or standard in these earlier models.

Connectivity Features:

N/A (No integrated smartphone connectivity or Bluetooth in this era).

🔧 Maintenance

Oil Change Interval:

Typically every 3,000-5,000 miles (4,800-8,000 km) or 6 months, consult manual for specific engine/oil type.

Timing Belt Replacement:

Crucial for non-interference engines, typically around 60,000-90,000 miles (96,000-145,000 km). Consult manual for exact interval and engine type.

Engine Oil Type:

API Service SG or SH, viscosity typically 10W-30 or 10W-40, depending on climate. Check manual for exact specification.

Coolant Type:

Ethylene Glycol based antifreeze, typically a 50/50 mix with distilled water. Use a green coolant for this era unless specified otherwise.

Transmission Fluid Manual:

GL-4 Gear Oil, viscosity typically 75W-90 or 80W-90.

Transmission Fluid Automatic:

Dexron II or equivalent ATF (Automatic Transmission Fluid).

Brake Fluid Type:

DOT 3 or DOT 4.

Common Wear Items:

Head gaskets (less common on early boxers than inline engines, but possible), exhaust system rust, suspension bushings, CV joint boots, radiator hoses, carburetor issues (on older models), alternator and starter wear.

Electrical Gremlins:

Wiring harness degradation and connector issues can occur with age, leading to intermittent electrical problems.

Spark Plug Part Number Example:

NGK BKR6E or equivalent (verify for specific engine, this is an example).

📚 Vehicle History

Subaru Innovation:

Subaru is renowned for its pioneering work with horizontally opposed engines and its symmetrical All-Wheel Drive system, which became increasingly central to its identity during this period.

Dl Gl Significance:

The DL and GL models represented Subaru's mainstream offerings during a period of growth and evolution for the brand, showcasing their commitment to reliable, capable vehicles, particularly in challenging weather conditions thanks to AWD options.

Production Period:

These models were part of Subaru's second generation, which ran for an extended period, demonstrating their enduring design and capability.

🏆 Awards & Recognition

Model Reputation:

Subaru DL/GL models were generally well-regarded for their durability, practicality, and go-anywhere capability, particularly those equipped with AWD, often praised for their value and reliability in adverse conditions.