Model Variant:
Legacy Lancaster (Japan Market)
Production Years Covered:
1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999
Chassis Codes:
BD, BG, BK, BJ, BP (Outback specific variants may use different sub-designations)
Engine Codes:
EJ22, EJ25D, EJ251, EJ253 (Specific to models and years within the range)
Segment:
Mid-size crossover/wagon, popular for its All-Wheel Drive capability and practicality.
Target Audience:
Owners seeking to perform their own maintenance and repairs, enthusiasts, professional mechanics.
Key Competitors:
Toyota Camry/Avensis wagon, Honda Accord wagon, Nissan Maxima wagon.
Unique Selling Points:
Standard Subaru Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive, horizontally-opposed 'Boxer' engine layout for a lower center of gravity.
Engine Systems:
Engine overhaul, assembly, disassembly, lubrication, cooling, fuel delivery, ignition, exhaust, emissions control, timing belts, engine diagnostics.
Transmission Systems:
Automatic transmission (4EAT/4AT) service, manual transmission (5MT/4MT) service, clutch system, transfer case, differential service.
Drivetrain Systems:
All-Wheel Drive (AWD) system operation and service, driveshafts, CV joints, wheel bearings, axle shafts.
Suspension Steering:
Front and rear suspension components, struts, shock absorbers, springs, control arms, bushings, power steering system, steering rack, wheel alignment specifications.
Brake Systems:
Front and rear brake component service (discs, pads, calipers), parking brake system, ABS system troubleshooting and repair, brake fluid specifications.
Electrical Systems:
Wiring diagrams, fuse box layouts, lighting systems, starter, alternator, battery, charging system, ignition system, instrument cluster, power accessories, body electrical components.
Climate Control:
HVAC system diagnosis and repair, A/C system service, heater core, blower motor, climate control module.
Body Chassis:
Body panel repair and replacement, doors, hood, trunk, glass, interior trim, frame and chassis components.
Diagnostics Troubleshooting:
Diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) for engine and ABS, troubleshooting flowcharts, common fault finding procedures.
Maintenance Procedures:
Oil changes, filter replacements, spark plug replacement, coolant flushes, brake fluid changes, belt replacements, basic tune-ups.
Repair Procedures:
Engine rebuilds, transmission overhaul, suspension component replacement, brake caliper and rotor replacement, starter/alternator replacement, fuel pump replacement, sensor replacement.
Troubleshooting Guides:
Step-by-step guides for diagnosing and resolving common vehicle issues.
Torque Specifications:
Detailed torque values for critical fasteners across all vehicle systems.
Wiring Diagrams:
Comprehensive and clearly labeled electrical wiring diagrams for all vehicle circuits.
Special Tools:
Identification and usage of specialized tools required for specific repair procedures.
Depth Level:
Complete factory-level repair and maintenance information, suitable for professional technicians and advanced DIY enthusiasts.
Engine Type:
Horizontally-opposed (Boxer) 4-cylinder SOHC/DOHC
Displacement 1993-1995:
2.2 Liters (2187 cc)
Displacement 1996-1999:
2.5 Liters (2498 cc)
Horsepower Ej22:
130-135 hp @ 5600-5600 rpm (varies by year and market)
Torque Ej22:
137-140 lb-ft @ 4400-4400 rpm (varies by year and market)
Horsepower Ej25D:
165 hp @ 5600 rpm (non-phase 2 DOHC)
Torque Ej25D:
162 lb-ft @ 4000 rpm
Horsepower Ej251/Ej253:
165-167 hp @ 5600-5600 rpm (Phase 2 DOHC, varies slightly)
Torque Ej251/Ej253:
166-170 lb-ft @ 4000-4000 rpm (varies slightly)
Fuel Delivery:
Multi-point Fuel Injection (MPI)
Fuel Type:
Unleaded Gasoline (Octane rating specified in manual, typically 87 octane recommended)
Wheelbase:
Approx. 104.3 inches (2649 mm)
Length:
Approx. 187.4 inches (4760 mm) for Outback wagons
Width:
Approx. 69.7 inches (1770 mm)
Height:
Approx. 60.8 inches (1545 mm) for Outback wagons (higher than standard Legacy)
Ground Clearance Outback:
Approximately 7.5-8.1 inches (190-205 mm), significantly higher than standard Legacy models.
Curb Weight:
Approx. 3100-3500 lbs (1406-1588 kg), depending on engine and transmission.
Audio System:
Factory-installed AM/FM stereo with cassette player, optional CD player. Speaker configurations vary by trim level.
Climate Control Features:
Manual or automatic climate control systems depending on trim.
Cruise Control:
Standard on most models.
All Wheel Drive:
The core technological feature, providing enhanced traction and stability in various driving conditions.
Connectivity Features:
Limited by era; typically limited to power outlets for accessories. Aftermarket upgrades are common for Bluetooth or USB connectivity.
Oil Change Interval:
Typically every 3,750 miles (6,000 km) or 3 months (refer to manual for specific oil type and conditions).
Timing Belt Replacement:
Crucial interval, typically every 60,000 - 90,000 miles (96,000 - 145,000 km) or 5-7 years, depending on engine variant and conditions. This is an interference engine, so failure causes severe damage.
Coolant Flush Interval:
Approximately every 30,000 miles (48,000 km) or 2-3 years.
Transmission Fluid Service:
Automatic: Inspect every 15,000 miles (24,000 km), change fluid and filter as recommended, typically around 30,000-45,000 miles (48,000-72,000 km). Manual: Inspect fluid condition, change if necessary or at higher mileage intervals (e.g., 60,000-100,000 miles).
Engine Oil Spec:
Typically SAE 5W-30 or 5W-40 API SG, SH, or higher. Refer to manual for exact viscosity and API service classification.
Coolant Spec:
Subaru's long-life coolant (blue) or equivalent ethylene glycol-based coolant with corrosion inhibitors. Capacity: Approx. 7.0-7.5 quarts (6.6-7.1 liters).
Automatic Transmission Fluid Spec:
Subaru genuine ATF or equivalent DEXRON II/III compatible fluid. Capacity: Approx. 3.0-3.5 quarts (2.8-3.3 liters) for change, ~8.0 quarts (7.6 liters) for overhaul.
Manual Transmission Fluid Spec:
API GL-5 gear oil, SAE 75W-90. Capacity: Approx. 2.2 quarts (2.1 liters).
Differential Fluid Spec:
API GL-5 gear oil, SAE 75W-90. Capacity: Approx. 1.0-1.2 quarts (0.9-1.1 liters) for rear differential.
Brake Fluid Spec:
DOT 3 or DOT 4 brake fluid.
Head Gaskets:
A common concern on EJ25D engines (1996-1999 2.5L) is premature head gasket failure due to design limitations. The manual will detail inspection and replacement procedures.
Timing Belt Tensioner:
The hydraulic timing belt tensioner can fail, leading to slack in the belt and potential catastrophic engine damage. Regular replacement is vital.
Oil Leaks:
Rear main crankshaft seal and valve cover gaskets can develop leaks over time.
Evaporative Emissions System:
Canister purge valves or vent solenoids may fail, leading to check engine lights.
Subaru Heritage:
Subaru has a long history of producing reliable vehicles with a focus on All-Wheel Drive technology and horizontally-opposed engines, stemming from its aviation roots.
Legacy Introduction:
The Subaru Legacy was introduced globally in 1989 as a successor to the Subaru Leone. The Outback variant, initially an appearance package on the Legacy wagon, became a distinct model line in 1995.
Second Generation Legacy:
The 1993-1999 models represent the second generation of the Subaru Legacy (chassis codes BD/BG/BK/BJ). The Outback was introduced during this generation.
Outback Development:
The Outback was conceived as a more rugged, lifted version of the Legacy wagon, bridging the gap between traditional wagons and SUVs.
Manufacturing Locations:
Primary manufacturing in Gunma, Japan.
