🏷️ Basic Information

Make:

Subaru

Model:

Legacy Outback

Year:

2012

Chassis Code:

BM/BR

Platform:

Subaru Global Platform (precursor)

👋 Introduction

Market Segment:

Mid-size crossover/station wagon, often positioned as a practical and adventurous alternative to traditional SUVs and sedans.

Key Competitors:

Toyota RAV4, Honda CR-V, Ford Escape, Mazda CX-5, Nissan Rogue.

All Wheel Drive Standard:

Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive is a hallmark of Subaru vehicles, standard on the Outback for enhanced traction and stability.

Ground Clearance:

Higher ground clearance compared to typical sedans and wagons, offering enhanced capability on unpaved roads.

Cargo Capacity:

Spacious interior with versatile cargo configurations, appealing to outdoor enthusiasts and families.

Safety Reputation:

Subaru's strong reputation for safety, often reflected in high crash test ratings.

📋 Manual Details

Coverage:

All Models/Engines/Trims/Transmissions

Page Count:

Estimated 2000+ pages (typical for comprehensive workshop manuals)

Manual Type:

Workshop Repair Service Manual

Language:

English

Format:

PDF Download

📖 Manual Coverage

Engine Systems:

Engine mechanical, engine electrical, fuel system, ignition system, cooling system, lubrication system, emissions control, engine diagnostics and troubleshooting, performance tuning.

Transmission Systems:

Automatic transmission (CVT - Lineartronic), manual transmission, clutch system, driveline, transfer case, differentials (front, center, rear), driveshafts, axle shafts.

Braking Systems:

Hydraulic brake system, ABS (Anti-lock Braking System), EBD (Electronic Brake-force Distribution), brake assist, parking brake (mechanical/electric), brake fluid, rotors, pads, calipers, lines and hoses.

Steering Suspension Systems:

Power steering system (hydraulic/electric), steering column, steering gear, suspension components (struts, shocks, control arms, bushings, ball joints), wheel alignment specifications, alignment procedures.

Electrical Systems:

Battery, charging system (alternator), starting system (starter motor), lighting (headlights, taillights, interior), ignition switch, power distribution, fuses and relays, wiring diagrams, body control module (BCM), ECU/ECM.

Climate Control HVAC:

Air conditioning system (compressor, refrigerant, condenser, evaporator), heating system, ventilation, climate control module, blower motor, actuators, diagnostic procedures.

Body Interior Exterior:

Body panels, doors, hood, trunk, interior trim, seats, airbags, seatbelts, glass and mirrors, bumpers, exterior trim, paint and corrosion protection.

Infotainment Electronics:

Audio system, navigation system (if equipped), display screens, Bluetooth connectivity, USB ports, cameras (rearview, etc.), sensor systems.

Routine Maintenance:

Oil changes, filter replacements (oil, air, cabin), spark plug replacement, fluid checks and top-offs, tire rotations, brake inspections, battery testing.

Engine Repair:

Engine disassembly and reassembly, piston and ring replacement, bearing replacement, cylinder head service, valve adjustment, timing belt/chain service, component replacement (alternator, starter, pumps).

Transmission Repair:

Transmission fluid changes, valve body diagnosis and repair, clutch replacement, torque converter service, seal and gasket replacement, transmission disassembly and reassembly.

Brake System Repair:

Brake pad and rotor replacement, caliper overhaul, brake line replacement, bleeding the brake system, ABS component testing and replacement, parking brake adjustment/repair.

Suspension Steering Repair:

Strut and shock absorber replacement, control arm and ball joint replacement, tie rod end replacement, power steering pump or rack replacement, wheel bearing replacement.

Electrical Diagnostics:

Troubleshooting electrical circuits, reading diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs), component testing (sensors, actuators), wiring harness repair, module programming and configuration.

Troubleshooting Guides:

Systematic diagnostic flowcharts for common and uncommon issues, symptom-based troubleshooting, fault code interpretation.

Specifications And Tolerances:

Torque specifications for all fasteners, engine clearances, valve lash, wheel alignment angles, fluid capacities, pressure readings.

Depth Of Coverage:

Comprehensive, from basic preventative maintenance to complete engine and transmission overhauls, including detailed electrical diagnostics and body repairs.

📊 Manual Specifications

File Format:

PDF

Print Quality:

High-resolution graphics and text, suitable for printing individual pages or the entire manual.

Binding Type:

N/A (Digital PDF)

Paper Type:

N/A (Digital PDF)

Searchable Text:

Yes, fully searchable text for quick access to information.

Diagrams Included:

Extensive line drawings, exploded views, wiring diagrams, and diagnostic flowcharts.

⚙️ Engine Specifications

Engine Code 1:

EJ253 (2.5L Naturally Aspirated)

Engine Displacement 1:

2457 cc

Engine Configuration 1:

Horizontally-opposed (Boxer) 4-cylinder

Bore X Stroke 1:

99.5 mm x 79.0 mm

Compression Ratio 1:

10.0:1

Horsepower 1:

170 hp @ 5800 rpm

Torque 1:

170 lb-ft @ 4000 rpm

Engine Code 2:

EZ36D (3.6L Naturally Aspirated)

Engine Displacement 2:

3630 cc

Engine Configuration 2:

Horizontally-opposed (Boxer) 6-cylinder

Bore X Stroke 2:

92.0 mm x 91.0 mm

Compression Ratio 2:

10.5:1

Horsepower 2:

256 hp @ 6000 rpm

Torque 2:

247 lb-ft @ 4400 rpm

Fuel Delivery Type:

Multi-point fuel injection (MPI)

Fuel Type:

Unleaded gasoline (87 octane or higher recommended)

Fuel Tank Capacity:

15.9 gallons (60.2 L)

🔧 Transmission

Transmission Type 2.5I:

6-speed manual transmission (MT)

Transmission Type 2.5I Optional:

CVT (Continuously Variable Transmission) - Lineartronic

Transmission Type 3.6R:

5-speed automatic transmission (with paddle shifters)

AWD System:

Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive (AWD) standard on all models.

Cvt Features:

Lineartronic CVT offers simulated gear steps for a more traditional driving feel and improved fuel economy.

Manual Transmission Features:

Typical Subaru engagement and feel, known for durability.

📐 Dimensions

Length:

189.1 inches (4803 mm)

Width:

70.1 inches (1781 mm)

Height:

66.1 inches (1679 mm)

Wheelbase:

107.9 inches (2741 mm)

Ground Clearance:

8.1 inches (206 mm)

Cargo Volume Seats Up:

34.5 cubic feet (977 L)

Cargo Volume Seats Down:

74.3 cubic feet (2104 L)

Curb Weight 2.5I Mt:

3417 lbs (1550 kg)

Curb Weight 2.5I Cvt:

3472 lbs (1575 kg)

Curb Weight 3.6R:

3713 lbs (1684 kg)

Towing Capacity:

2700 lbs (1225 kg)

🛡️ Safety Features

NHTSA Overall Rating:

5-Star (for models equipped with specific safety features)

IIHS Top Safety Pick:

Yes (typically achieved Top Safety Pick status)

Active Safety Features:

ABS, EBD, Brake Assist, Traction Control System (TCS), Vehicle Stability Control (VSC), Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS), Hill Start Assist.

Passive Safety Features:

Front airbags (driver and passenger), front side airbags, side curtain airbags (front and rear), driver's knee airbag, front seatbelt pretensioners, whiplash protection seats.

Optional Safety Suite:

Subaru EyeSight Driver Assist Technology (optional on some trims, includes adaptive cruise control, pre-collision braking, pre-collision throttle management, lane departure warning).

💡 Technology Features

Infotainment System:

Standard AM/FM/CD/MP3 stereo with auxiliary input. Optional upgrades included touchscreen navigation systems with Bluetooth and USB connectivity, and higher-quality audio systems.

Display Screens:

Central multi-information display for vehicle status, trip computer, and fuel economy. Optional touchscreen for navigation and audio.

Driver Assistance Features:

Optional EyeSight system, rearview camera (on higher trims), cruise control.

Connectivity Options:

Bluetooth hands-free calling and audio streaming (optional), USB port for audio playback and device charging, iPod connectivity.

🔧 Maintenance

Oil Change Interval:

Every 7,500 miles or 6 months (whichever comes first), under normal driving conditions. Severe driving conditions may require more frequent changes.

Air Filter Replacement:

Every 15,000 miles or 12 months (inspect at 7,500 miles).

Cabin Air Filter Replacement:

Every 15,000 miles or 12 months (inspect at 7,500 miles).

Spark Plug Replacement:

Typically around 60,000 miles for iridium-tipped plugs. Refer to manual for exact specifications based on engine.

Brake Fluid Replacement:

Every 30,000 miles or 24 months (whichever comes first).

Cvt Fluid Replacement:

Subaru's official stance often states 'lifetime' fluid, but many technicians recommend changing CVT fluid between 30,000-60,000 miles for longevity, especially in severe use.

Manual Transmission Fluid Replacement:

Every 30,000 miles or 24 months.

Engine Oil Type 2.5I:

SAE 0W-20, API SN or ILSAC GF-5 certified (check specific manual for exact OEM recommendation).

Engine Oil Type 3.6R:

SAE 5W-30, API SN or ILSAC GF-5 certified.

Engine Oil Capacity 2.5I:

4.8 US quarts (4.5 liters) with filter change.

Engine Oil Capacity 3.6R:

6.9 US quarts (6.5 liters) with filter change.

Brake Fluid Type:

DOT 3 or DOT 4 (check cap or manual).

Cvt Fluid Type:

Subaru CVT Fluid (e.g., K0421Y0020 or equivalent)

Manual Transmission Fluid Type:

SAE 75W-90 GL-5 (check manual for specific Subaru recommendations)

Head Gasket Leaks:

While less common in the 2012 models than earlier generations, early detection of coolant leaks around the cylinder head area is important for the EJ25 engine. The EZ36 generally has a better reputation for head gasket integrity.

Cvt Issues:

Some reports of CVT hesitation or premature wear in higher mileage vehicles. Regular fluid changes are crucial. The manual provides diagnostic procedures for CVT anomalies.

Suspension Wear:

Like many vehicles with AWD and higher ground clearance, suspension components (struts, bushings) may experience wear over time, especially with off-pavement use. The manual details inspection and replacement procedures.

Brake Wear:

Front brake pads and rotors can wear prematurely if frequently subjected to heavy braking or aggressive driving. The manual covers inspection and replacement.

📚 Vehicle History

Subaru Heritage:

Founded in 1953 as Fuji Heavy Industries, Subaru is known for its pioneering use of horizontally-opposed ('boxer') engines and its early adoption of All-Wheel Drive (AWD) in passenger cars.

Outback Origins:

The Outback originated as a more rugged, lifted version of the Subaru Legacy station wagon, launched in 1995 as the 'Suspect.' It evolved into the Outback nameplate, establishing its distinct identity.

2012 Generation:

The 2012 model represents the fourth generation of the Outback (chassis code BM/BR), introduced in late 2009 for the 2010 model year. It featured a significant redesign with a longer wheelbase and more refined interior compared to its predecessor.

Manufacturing Location:

Gunma Plant, Japan

🏆 Awards & Recognition

IIHS Awards:

Consistently received high marks from the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS), earning Top Safety Pick status for many model years.

Kelley Blue Book Awards:

Often recognized by Kelley Blue Book for its value, resale value, and family-friendly features.

Vehicle Certifications:

Often certified for its AWD capabilities and suitability for light off-road use and challenging weather conditions.