Engine Mechanical:
        
        
            Engine assembly, disassembly, internal components (pistons, rings, bearings, crankshaft, camshaft), cylinder head, valve train, timing system.
        
     
    
        
            Engine Fuel System:
        
        
            Fuel injection system (common rail direct injection), fuel pump, injectors, fuel filter replacement, fuel pressure regulation.
        
     
    
        
            Engine Cooling System:
        
        
            Radiator, water pump, thermostat, coolant hoses, fan system, flushing and filling procedures.
        
     
    
        
            Engine Lubrication System:
        
        
            Oil pump, oil pan, oil filter replacement, lubrication specifications, oil pressure checks.
        
     
    
        
            Engine Exhaust System:
        
        
            Exhaust manifold, catalytic converter, muffler, oxygen sensors, emissions control systems.
        
     
    
        
            Transmission Manual:
        
        
            Clutch system, manual gearbox components, gear shift mechanism, transmission fluid.
        
     
    
        
            Transmission Automatic:
        
        
            Automatic transmission internal components, torque converter, valve body, transmission fluid, solenoids, electronic control.
        
     
    
        
            Drivetrain AWD:
        
        
            All-wheel drive (AWD) system, transfer case, propeller shafts, differentials (front and rear), coupling.
        
     
    
        
            Suspension Front:
        
        
            MacPherson strut suspension, control arms, ball joints, stabilizer bar, wheel bearings.
        
     
    
        
            Suspension Rear:
        
        
            Multi-link rear suspension, coil springs, shock absorbers, control links, wheel bearings.
        
     
    
        
            Steering System:
        
        
            Power steering system (hydraulic or electric), steering column, steering rack and pinion, tie rods, steering angle sensor.
        
     
    
        
            Brake System:
        
        
            Front and rear disc brakes, brake calipers, brake pads, brake rotors, brake fluid, ABS (Anti-lock Braking System), EBD (Electronic Brakeforce Distribution), ESP (Electronic Stability Program).
        
     
    
        
            Electrical System Charging:
        
        
            Alternator, battery, starter motor, charging system diagnostics.
        
     
    
        
            Electrical System Lighting:
        
        
            Headlights, taillights, interior lighting, fog lights, bulb replacement, wiring diagrams.
        
     
    
        
            Electrical System Ignition:
        
        
            Ignition coils, spark plugs, ignition system diagnostics.
        
     
    
        
            Electrical System Accessories:
        
        
            Power windows, central locking, mirrors, wipers, horn, infotainment system wiring.
        
     
    
        
            Body Exterior:
        
        
            Body panels, doors, hood, tailgate, bumpers, glass, seals, trim.
        
     
    
        
            Body Interior:
        
        
            Dashboard, seats, upholstery, interior trim panels, airbags, seatbelts.
        
     
    
        
            HVAC System:
        
        
            Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system, blower motor, evaporator, condenser, refrigerant, cabin air filter.
        
     
    
        
            Safety Systems:
        
        
            Airbag system, seatbelt pre-tensioners, SRS (Supplemental Restraint System) diagnostics.
        
     
    
        
            Diagnostics Troubleshooting:
        
        
            Diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs), common fault symptom identification, step-by-step diagnostic procedures for all systems.
        
     
    
    
        
            Maintenance Tasks:
        
        
            Oil and filter changes, air filter replacement, cabin filter replacement, spark plug replacement, brake fluid flush, coolant flush, transmission fluid change, differential fluid change, lubrication points.
        
     
    
        
            Repair Procedures:
        
        
            Engine rebuild, transmission overhaul, suspension component replacement, brake caliper and rotor replacement, steering rack replacement, component diagnostics and repair for all major systems.
        
     
    
        
            Electrical Diagnostics:
        
        
            Wiring diagrams for all circuits, component testing, sensor testing, ECU diagnostics, troubleshooting electrical faults.
        
     
    
        
            Bodywork Repair:
        
        
            Body panel alignment, dent removal, panel replacement, glass replacement, seal replacement.
        
     
    
        
            HVAC Repair:
        
        
            Refrigerant system evacuation and recharge, component replacement (blower motor, compressor, evaporator), leak detection, system diagnostics.
        
     
    
        
            Wheel Alignment:
        
        
            Wheel alignment specifications and adjustment procedures.
        
     
    
        
            Torque Specifications:
        
        
            Comprehensive list of torque specifications for all critical fasteners and components.
        
     
    
    
        
            Depth Level:
        
        
            Comprehensive (from basic maintenance to full engine/transmission rebuilds and complex electrical diagnostics).
        
     
    
        
            Diagnostic Tools Required:
        
        
            Includes information on required diagnostic tools (scan tools, multimeters, pressure gauges, specialized wrenches).
        
     
 
    
    
    
        
            Engine Code Example:
        
        
            e.g., D20DT (Diesel), G20D (Gasoline)
        
     
    
        
            Engine Type:
        
        
            Inline-4 Cylinder, Turbocharged Diesel (common) or Naturally Aspirated/Turbocharged Gasoline.
        
     
    
        
            Displacement:
        
        
            Typically 2.0 Liters (1998 cc).
        
     
    
        
            Bore X Stroke:
        
        
            Varies by specific engine, e.g., Diesel: ~86.0 mm x 86.0 mm
        
     
    
        
            Compression Ratio:
        
        
            Diesel: ~17.0:1 to 18.0:1, Gasoline: ~9.5:1 to 10.5:1
        
     
    
    
        
            Horsepower Diesel:
        
        
            140-170 HP (approx. depending on tune and market).
        
     
    
        
            Torque Diesel:
        
        
            300-350 Nm (approx. depending on tune and market).
        
     
    
        
            Horsepower Gasoline:
        
        
            140-150 HP (approx. for naturally aspirated), 170-180 HP (for turbocharged).
        
     
    
        
            Torque Gasoline:
        
        
            190-200 Nm (naturally aspirated), 250-280 Nm (turbocharged).
        
     
    
    
        
            Fuel Delivery:
        
        
            Common Rail Direct Injection (Diesel), Multi-point Fuel Injection (MPI) or Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) (Gasoline).
        
     
    
        
            Fuel Type:
        
        
            Diesel (Euro 4/5 compliant), Unleaded Gasoline.
        
     
    
    
        
            Emission Standard:
        
        
            Varies by model year and market (e.g., Euro 4, Euro 5).
        
     
    
        
            Emission Systems:
        
        
            Catalytic converter, Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR), Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) for diesel models.
        
     
 
    
    
    
        
            Oil Change Interval:
        
        
            Typically 10,000-15,000 km or 12 months, whichever comes first.
        
     
    
        
            Air Filter Replacement:
        
        
            Every 30,000-40,000 km or as needed based on driving conditions.
        
     
    
        
            Cabin Filter Replacement:
        
        
            Every 20,000-30,000 km or annually.
        
     
    
        
            Spark Plug Replacement:
        
        
            Diesel: Not typically scheduled for replacement. Gasoline: 60,000-100,000 km depending on plug type.
        
     
    
        
            Brake Fluid Change:
        
        
            Every 2-3 years or 40,000-60,000 km.
        
     
    
        
            Coolant Change:
        
        
            Initial change at 5 years or 100,000 km, then every 2-3 years or 40,000-60,000 km.
        
     
    
        
            Transmission Fluid Change Auto:
        
        
            Every 60,000-80,000 km under normal driving conditions.
        
     
    
        
            Transmission Fluid Change Manual:
        
        
            Every 80,000-100,000 km.
        
     
    
    
        
            Engine Oil Type Diesel:
        
        
            API CJ-4 or CK-4, ACEA C3, SAE 5W-30 or 5W-40 (check manual for exact specs).
        
     
    
        
            Engine Oil Type Gasoline:
        
        
            API SN/SP, ACEA A3/B4 or C3, SAE 5W-30 or 5W-40 (check manual for exact specs).
        
     
    
        
            Coolant Type:
        
        
            Ethylene glycol-based coolant, typically G11 or G12 specification (check manual).
        
     
    
    
        
            Automatic Transmission Fluid Type:
        
        
            ATF SP-III or equivalent (check manual for specific type, e.g., Dexron-VI).
        
     
    
        
            Manual Transmission Fluid Type:
        
        
            API GL-4, SAE 75W-90 or 80W-90 (check manual).
        
     
    
        
            Power Steering Fluid Type:
        
        
            Hydraulic fluid or ATF (check manual).
        
     
    
    
        
            Diesel Particulate Filter Dpf:
        
        
            DPF regeneration issues or clogging can occur with frequent short trips, leading to warning lights and performance loss. Manual provides regeneration procedures.
        
     
    
        
            Turbocharger Reliability:
        
        
            Some reports of turbocharger issues or oil leaks over time, particularly if not maintained correctly.
        
     
    
        
            Egr Valve Issues:
        
        
            EGR valve can become clogged with carbon deposits, affecting engine performance and emissions. Manual covers cleaning and replacement.
        
     
    
        
            Suspension Wear:
        
        
            Like many SUVs, components like shock absorbers, bushings, and ball joints can experience wear over time, particularly on higher mileage vehicles. Manual provides testing and replacement procedures.
        
     
    
        
            Automatic Transmission Shifting:
        
        
            Occasional reports of rough shifting or delayed engagement in older automatic transmissions, often resolved by fluid changes and solenoid checks.
        
     
    
        
            Electrical Gremlins:
        
        
            As with many vehicles of this era, minor electrical issues (e.g., sensor faults, accessory malfunctions) can occur. Comprehensive wiring diagrams in the manual are crucial for diagnosis.